<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873</id><updated>2012-02-02T20:22:50.363-06:00</updated><category term='FACEBOOK'/><category term='CANCER Y TROMBOSIS'/><category term='ENFERMEDAD PELVICA INFLAMATORIA'/><category term='HEMOGLOBINA GLICOSILADA Y MICROALBUMINURIA'/><category term='INFECCION POR PARVOVIRUS B19'/><category term='VIDEOS SOBRE DERIVACIONES EN EL ELECTROCARDIOGRAMA'/><category term='PURPURA TROMBOCITOPENICA TROMBOTICA'/><category term='TROMBOFILIA'/><category term='DENGUE'/><category term='HIPERTENSION ARTERIAL'/><category term='SINDROME ANTIFOSFOLIPIDO'/><category term='SEDIMENTO URINARIO'/><category term='PRUEBA RAPIDA PARA DX DE INFLUENZA H1N1'/><category term='PRUEBAS DE FUNCIONAMIENTO RENAL'/><category term='LABORATORIO EN GINECO-OBSTETRICIA'/><category term='CITOMETRIA DE FLUJO'/><category term='SINDROMES CORONARIOS AGUDOS'/><category term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><category term='VIDEO RESPUESTA INMUNE'/><category term='VIDEO MODELO COAGULACION'/><category term='ELECTROCARDIOGRAMA'/><category term='FIBROTEST'/><category term='PODCAST'/><category term='EL LABORATORIO EN REUMATOLOGIA (GUIA PRACTICA)'/><category term='REACTANTES DE FASE AGUDA'/><category term='COAGULACION (SISTEMA DE CONTACTO)'/><category term='LCR'/><category term='INSUFICIENCIA CARDIACA'/><category term='PURPURAS TROMBOCITOPENICAS'/><category term='Urinary Tract Infection In Children'/><category term='MENINGITIS'/><category term='ALGORITMOS CLINICOS'/><category term='VULVOVAGINITIS AGUDA'/><category term='PRACTICAS'/><category term='HEPATITIS C'/><category term='SINDROME METABOLICO'/><category term='LEPTINA'/><category term='PRUEBAS DE FUNCIONAMIENTO HEPATICO'/><category term='QUANTIFERON TB'/><category term='PUNCION LUMBAR (VIDEO)'/><category term='APUNTES MEDICINA INTERNA'/><category term='ENZIMOLOGIA CLINICA'/><category term='DIARREA CRONICA'/><category term='MARCADORES DE DAÑO MIOCARDICO'/><category term='PROTEINA S-100'/><category term='HEMOGLOBINA GLICOSILADA'/><category term='ANTICUERPOS ANTI NUCLEARES'/><category term='CONTROL DE CALIDAD LABORATORIO'/><category term='ELECTROLITOS'/><category term='MEDICINA DE LABORATORIO BASADA EN EVIDENCIAS'/><category term='ATLAS DE PARASITOLOGIA DEL CDC'/><category term='OSTEOPOROSIS'/><category term='PANCREATITIS AGUDA'/><category term='SEMIOLOGIA MEDICA'/><category term='LUPUS ERITEMATOSO SISTEMICO'/><category term='GUIA ATP III'/><category term='PRUEBAS DE FUNCION TIROIDEA'/><category term='BNP'/><category term='EQUILIBRIO ACIDO BASE'/><category term='PURPURAS TROMBOCITOPATICAS'/><category term='PEPTIDOS CITRULINADOS'/><category term='FISIOLOGIA COAGULACION'/><category term='Point Of Care Testing'/><category term='LABORATORIO EN EL EMBARAZO'/><category term='OBESIDAD'/><category term='VAGINITIS'/><category term='PARASITOSIS INTESTINALES'/><category term='USO PRACTICO DE LA CARGA VIRAL (2003)'/><category term='DIAGNOSTICO INFECCIONES POR ADENOVIRUS'/><category term='GASOMETRIA'/><category term='ENZIMAS HEPATICAS'/><category term='LABORATORIO ENFERMEDADES MUSCULO ESQUELETICAS'/><category term='HEMOSTASIA PRIMARIA'/><category term='CID'/><category term='ANATOMIA'/><category term='VIDEO TOMA DE MUESTRAS SANGUINEA POR VENOPUNCION'/><category term='DIABETES MELLITUS'/><category term='TROMBOCITOPENIA INDUCIDA POR DROGAS'/><category term='FROTIS DE SANGRE PERIFERICA'/><category term='NOTICIAS'/><category term='MARCADORES TUMORALES'/><category term='CIRROSIS HEPATICA'/><category term='MANUAL DE PEDIATRIA'/><category term='CISTATINA C'/><title type='text'>PATOLOGIA CLINICA</title><subtitle type='html'>BLOG  DE TEMAS RELACIONADOS A LA PATOLOGIA CLINICA</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default?start-index=101&amp;max-results=100'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>204</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7130332170724241546</id><published>2012-01-29T22:53:00.003-06:00</published><updated>2012-01-29T23:00:57.436-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='HEPATITIS C'/><title type='text'>ESPERANZA PARA LA HEPATITIS C</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-mt21WhybN4c/TyYjchVXKHI/AAAAAAAAAXw/iMbVmLKs1Us/s1600/hepc_clip_image004.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 224px; height: 200px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-mt21WhybN4c/TyYjchVXKHI/AAAAAAAAAXw/iMbVmLKs1Us/s320/hepc_clip_image004.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5703284951002589298" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Imagine, for a moment, that you recently received a brand new Time-O-Matic Time Machine as a gift. How far back would you have to set the dial to see that meaningful progress has been made in the treatment of hepatitis C?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;First, let’s say you set the dial to January 2011 and –- Puff-kachunk! — you’re there. Standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection consisted of 48 weeks of pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin, an approach more likely to produce adverse effects than clearance of the virus.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Your next trip (Zing-kersplat!) takes you to May 2011. The oral serine protease inhibitors boceprevir and telaprevir have just become available for treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. When added to pegylated interferon and ribavirin, these direct-acting antivirals dramatically improve the rate of sustained virologic response (SVR). But many patients still do not respond to treatment, and medication intolerance remains an issue. You step into your Time-O-Matic and return to January 2012 feeling somewhat discouraged.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Fortunately, this week’s NEJM might raise your spirits. In it, Dr. Anna S. Lok (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI) and colleagues report on an&lt;a href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1104430" style="color: rgb(86, 80, 143); font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; "&gt; open-label, phase 2a study&lt;/a&gt; that used a combination of two direct-acting antivirals to treat chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. Twenty-one ‘null responders’ (patients who failed to achieve ≥2log10 decline in HCV RNA after ≥12 weeks of peginterferon and ribavirin) were randomized to 24 weeks of treatment in one of two treatment arms:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;• Group A received BMS-790052 (an oral, first-in-class, NS5A replication complex inhibitor) and BMS-650032 (an oral NS3 protease inhibitor);&lt;br /&gt;• Group B received BMS-790052 and BMS-650032 plus peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Four of eleven (36%) patients in Group A and ten of ten (100%) of patients in Group B achieved an undetectable HCV RNA twelve weeks after completion of study treatment (SVR12, the primary end point). There were no deaths, serious adverse events, or discontinuations. The most common mild-to-moderate adverse effects were diarrhea, fatigue, headache, and nausea.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;These results are exciting. The high rate of SVR12 achieved in Group B suggests that more effective treatment regimens may soon be available for null responders. But for &lt;a href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMe1113272" style="color: rgb(86, 80, 143); font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; "&gt;editorialist Dr Raymond T. Chung&lt;/a&gt; (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA), it’s the Group A proof-of-concept results that really put HCV therapy “on the threshold of a treatment revolution.” The 36% of Group A patients achieving SVR12 demonstrate that combination direct-acting antivirals with non-overlapping resistance profiles can achieve HCV clearance without the use of interferon. If interferon and its adverse effects can be avoided, there is hope that treatment might be offered and accepted by a much greater number of patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;“Current HCV treatment regimens are far from perfect,“ says primary care physician and NEJM deputy editor Dr. Mary Beth Hamel, “so it’s satisfying to see encouraging results from this kind of early-phase trial. It will be exciting to see what the future brings.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Curious? Go ahead. Step into the Time-O-Matic and set the dial to see how far HCV therapy has progressed by January 2017. The rest of us, however, will just have to wait&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Tomado:&lt;a href="http://blogs.nejm.org/now/index.php/hope-for-hepatitis-c/2012/01/18/?utm_source=feedburner&amp;amp;utm_medium=email&amp;amp;utm_campaign=Feed%3A+Nownejm+%28Now%40NEJM%29"&gt; Blog NEJM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7130332170724241546?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7130332170724241546/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/esperanza-para-la-hepatitis-c.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7130332170724241546'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7130332170724241546'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/esperanza-para-la-hepatitis-c.html' title='ESPERANZA PARA LA HEPATITIS C'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-mt21WhybN4c/TyYjchVXKHI/AAAAAAAAAXw/iMbVmLKs1Us/s72-c/hepc_clip_image004.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-1269972920977703018</id><published>2012-01-27T15:20:00.000-06:00</published><updated>2012-01-27T15:23:55.268-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Fit doctors more likely to talk to patients about weight loss</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3rGnBLqsHKw/TyMUvw-OBdI/AAAAAAAAAXk/27cLM13HCK4/s1600/Fat-300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3rGnBLqsHKw/TyMUvw-OBdI/AAAAAAAAAXk/27cLM13HCK4/s1600/Fat-300.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"&gt;Overweight physicians don't always address patient weight issues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; color: #292727; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left;"&gt;If you're overweight and trying to lose pounds you may not get help from your doctor if he is overweight too, according to new research.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; color: #292727; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left;"&gt;According to a new study by researchers at the&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/" style="color: #003344; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank" title="johns hopkins bloomberg school of public health"&gt;Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health,&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;physicians with a normal body mass index were more likely than overweight doctors to engage their obese patients in weight loss discussions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; color: #292727; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left;"&gt;Normal weight doctors were also&amp;nbsp;more likely to diagnose a patient as obese if they perceived the patient's BMI was equal too or larger than&amp;nbsp;their own.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; color: #292727; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;The results are featured in the January issue of&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class="runtimeTopic" href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/health/blog/bal-poh-bmi--obesity,0,7778261.story#http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jobes/" style="color: #003344; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank" title="journal of obesity"&gt;Obesity&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; color: #292727; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left;"&gt;"Physicians with normal BMI also have greater confidence in their ability to provide diet and exercise counseling and perceive their weight loss advice as trustworthy when compared to overweight or obese physicians,"&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/faculty/directory/profile/4636/Bleich/Sara" style="color: #003344; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank" title="Sarah Bleich"&gt;Sara Bleich, lead author of the study&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;and an assistant professor with the Bloomberg School's Department of Health Policy and Management, said in a statement.&amp;nbsp;"In addition, obese physicians had greater confidence in prescribing weight loss medications and were more likely to report success in helping patients lose weight."&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; color: #292727; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left;"&gt;The study looked at 500&amp;nbsp;physicians and how they diagnosed patients.&amp;nbsp;Those with&amp;nbsp;a self-reported BMI below 25 kg/m2 were considered to be of normal weight and physicians reporting a BMI at or above 25 kg/m2 were considered overweight or obese.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; color: #292727; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left;"&gt;The research was supported by in part by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the Health Resources and Services Administration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; color: #292727; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span class="byline" style="display: block; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal;"&gt;Andrea K. Walker&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="date" style="color: rgb(175, 1, 22) !important; font-size: 11px; font-style: italic; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="timeString" style="display: inline;"&gt;12:22 p.m. EST&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dateTimeSeparator" style="display: inline;"&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dateString" style="display: inline;"&gt;January 26, 2012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="date" style="color: rgb(175, 1, 22) !important; font-size: 11px; font-style: italic; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="dateString" style="display: inline;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #666666; font-style: normal;"&gt;Copyright © 2012,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/" style="color: #003344; font-style: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"&gt;The Baltimore Sun&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-1269972920977703018?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/1269972920977703018/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/fit-doctors-more-likely-to-talk-to.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1269972920977703018'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1269972920977703018'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/fit-doctors-more-likely-to-talk-to.html' title='Fit doctors more likely to talk to patients about weight loss'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3rGnBLqsHKw/TyMUvw-OBdI/AAAAAAAAAXk/27cLM13HCK4/s72-c/Fat-300.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-6989438981944579060</id><published>2012-01-26T20:08:00.002-06:00</published><updated>2012-01-27T10:28:48.280-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;38 year-old woman.&amp;nbsp;Admitted for hysterectomy&lt;br /&gt;Normal preoperative laboratory studies.&amp;nbsp;Surgery uneventful&lt;br /&gt;Day 3 - RLE pain and swelling, IV&amp;nbsp;heparin started&lt;br /&gt;Day 8 - RiUpExtr. &amp;nbsp;pain, cool and dusky,&amp;nbsp;decreased pulses&lt;br /&gt;Right radial artery thrombosis found and&amp;nbsp;Platelet &amp;nbsp;count 40,000/ul&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;What is the most likely etiology of&amp;nbsp;the thrombosis ?&lt;br /&gt;What immediate action should be&amp;nbsp;undertaken ?&lt;br /&gt;What additional laboratory assays&amp;nbsp;should be requested&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"&gt;Tomado de&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-center; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"&gt;Department of Pathology&lt;br /&gt;Medical College of Virginia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-6989438981944579060?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/6989438981944579060/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso.html#comment-form' title='9 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6989438981944579060'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6989438981944579060'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso.html' title='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>9</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5669123684514545449</id><published>2012-01-21T14:43:00.000-06:00</published><updated>2012-01-21T14:43:35.079-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>El consumo continuo de alcohol provoca obesidad abdominal</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-iyRo1p3xj1Y/TxsieT7VeeI/AAAAAAAAAXc/VpQg8EgSixM/s1600/cheve.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-iyRo1p3xj1Y/TxsieT7VeeI/AAAAAAAAAXc/VpQg8EgSixM/s320/cheve.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: #666666; font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic;"&gt;La ingesta de bebidas alcohólicas, y especialmente de cerveza, tiende a producir un aumento del perímetro de la cintura, lo que, a su vez, implica un mayor riesgo de mortalidad en adultos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #666666; font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;La ingesta continua de alcohol está relacionada con la obesidad abdominal, que, a su vez, implica un mayor riesgo de mortalidad en adultos, según las conclusiones de un estudio publicado en&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;European Journal of Clinical Nutrition&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;y recogido por la plataforma SINC.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;Los autores del trabajo sugieren que el consumo de alcohol a lo largo de la vida produce adiposidad abdominal con aumento del perímetro de la cintura, y, en los hombres, obesidad general con aumento del Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;La investigación, desarrollada durante nueve años, recogió una muestra de 258.177 individuos de entre 25 y 70 años procedentes de Francia, Italia, Grecia, Holanda, Alemania, Suecia, Noruega, Reino Unido y España.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;"Es el único estudio realizado hasta la fecha que analiza el consumo de alcohol en una amplia muestra de personas adultas de diferentes regiones europeas y examina el papel de la exposición durante mucho tiempo al alcohol en la obesidad abdominal y general", señala una de sus autoras, María Dolores Chirlaque, investigadora de la Consejería de Sanidad de la Región de Murcia.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;El estudio señala que los mayores incrementos del perímetro de la cintura se observan en consumos altos de alcohol, por lo que no desaconseja un consumo moderado.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;"Queda ahora por analizar si el abandono del alcohol, o un consumo bajo de éste, revierte la obesidad abdominal y en cuánto tiempo", explica Chirlaque, que también pertenece&amp;nbsp;al Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Más adiposidades con la cerveza&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;En el estudio se analizaron asimismo los efectos que tenían la cerveza y el vino en la formación de adiposidad, lo que reveló que la primera fomenta en mayor medida la obesidad abdominal.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;Así, en&amp;nbsp;los hombres que consumen más de tres vasos de cerveza, el riesgo de desarrollar obesidad abdominal aumenta en un 50%. Por su parte, las mujeres que beben uno o dos vasos diarios a lo largo de la vida contraen un riesgo ligeramente mayor de desarrollar obesidad abdominal que las que no llegan a consumir medio vaso.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;Con respecto al vino, las mujeres que toman tres o más vasos tienen más posibilidades (60%) de padecer sobrepeso abdominal que las que no llegan a beber medio vaso. Mientras que, en hombres, este riesgo se sitúa en el 28%.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" /&gt;&lt;br style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;" /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/ejcn/journal/v65/n10/full/ejcn201170a.html" style="color: #1972c0; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"&gt;European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2011); doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.70&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tomado de jano.es&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5669123684514545449?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5669123684514545449/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-consumo-continuo-de-alcohol-provoca.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5669123684514545449'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5669123684514545449'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-consumo-continuo-de-alcohol-provoca.html' title='El consumo continuo de alcohol provoca obesidad abdominal'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-iyRo1p3xj1Y/TxsieT7VeeI/AAAAAAAAAXc/VpQg8EgSixM/s72-c/cheve.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7305452212769621723</id><published>2012-01-16T13:01:00.001-06:00</published><updated>2012-01-21T14:44:02.418-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Why Coffee Drinking Reduces the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-LNYtyBAc2l4/TxRzIGoRiJI/AAAAAAAAAW8/GlXu6EAt0qM/s1600/cafe.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-LNYtyBAc2l4/TxRzIGoRiJI/AAAAAAAAAW8/GlXu6EAt0qM/s320/cafe.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class="date" style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; text-align: left;"&gt;ScienceDaily (Jan. 11, 2012)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;— Why do heavy coffee drinkers have a lower risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, a disease on the increase around the world that can lead to serious health problems? Scientists are offering a new solution to that long-standing mystery in a report in ACS'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;Journal of Agricultural &amp;amp; Food Chemistry&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; text-align: left;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px; text-align: left;"&gt;Ling Zheng, Kun Huang and colleagues explain that previous studies show that coffee drinkers are at a lower risk for developing Type 2 diabetes, which accounts for 90-95 percent of diabetes cases in the world. Those studies show that people who drink four or more cups of coffee daily have a 50 percent lower risk of Type 2 diabetes. And every additional cup of coffee brings another decrease in risk of almost 7 percent. Scientists have implicated the misfolding of a substance called human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) in causing Type 2 diabetes, and some are seeking ways to block that process. Zheng and Huang decided to see if coffee's beneficial effects might be due to substances that block hIAPP.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px; text-align: left;"&gt;Indeed, they identified two categories of compounds in coffee that significantly inhibited hIAPP. They suggest that this effect explains why coffee drinkers show a lower risk for developing diabetes. "A beneficial effect may thus be expected for a regular coffee drinker," the researchers conclude.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px; text-align: left;"&gt;The authors acknowledge funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Basic Research Program of China and the Chinese Ministry of Education.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px; text-align: left;"&gt;Biao Cheng, Xinran Liu, Hao Gong, Lianqi Huang, Hong Chen, Xin Zhang, Chuanzhou Li, Muyang Yang, Bingjun Ma, Lihua Jiao, Ling Zheng, Kun Huang.&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Coffee Components Inhibit Amyloid Formation of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide in Vitro: Possible Link between Coffee Consumption and Diabetes Mellitus&lt;/strong&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry&lt;/em&gt;, 2011; 59 (24): 13147 DOI:&lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf201702h" rel="nofollow" style="color: #000099; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"&gt;10.1021/jf201702h&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #eeeeee;"&gt;American Chemical Society. "Why coffee drinking reduces the risk of Type 2 diabetes."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style="background-color: #eeeeee;"&gt;ScienceDaily&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #eeeeee;"&gt;, 11 Jan. 2012. Web. 16 Jan. 2012.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7305452212769621723?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7305452212769621723/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/why-coffee-drinking-reduces-risk-of.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7305452212769621723'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7305452212769621723'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/why-coffee-drinking-reduces-risk-of.html' title='Why Coffee Drinking Reduces the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-LNYtyBAc2l4/TxRzIGoRiJI/AAAAAAAAAW8/GlXu6EAt0qM/s72-c/cafe.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-502838785791543496</id><published>2012-01-13T20:17:00.001-06:00</published><updated>2012-01-13T20:17:49.795-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='EL LABORATORIO EN REUMATOLOGIA (GUIA PRACTICA)'/><title type='text'>CRITERIOS DIAGNOTICOS DE LAS ENFERMEDADES REUMATICAS</title><content type='html'>CRITERIOS DIAGNOSTICO DE LAS ENFERMEDADES REUMATICAS MAS COMUNES&lt;br /&gt;FUENTE:SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE REUMATOLOGIA&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div id="__ss_11029867" style="width: 425px;"&gt; &lt;strong style="display: block; margin: 12px 0 4px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma/criterios-diagnsticos-y-de-clasificacin-de-las-enfermedades-reumaticas" target="_blank" title="Criterios diagnósticos y de clasificación de las enfermedades reumaticas"&gt;Criterios diagnósticos y de clasificación de las enfermedades reumaticas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;iframe frameborder="0" height="355" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" scrolling="no" src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/11029867" width="425"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 5px 0 12px;"&gt; View more &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/" target="_blank"&gt;presentations&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma" target="_blank"&gt;Hector Marrufo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-502838785791543496?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/502838785791543496/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/criterios-diagnoticos-de-las.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/502838785791543496'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/502838785791543496'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/criterios-diagnoticos-de-las.html' title='CRITERIOS DIAGNOTICOS DE LAS ENFERMEDADES REUMATICAS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-3154335649963490325</id><published>2012-01-13T15:02:00.001-06:00</published><updated>2012-01-13T15:02:13.132-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='HIPERTENSION ARTERIAL'/><title type='text'>HYPERTENSION- CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF PRIMARY HYPERTENSION IN ADULTS</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Guia Tomada de: National institute for health and clinical Excellence&lt;br /&gt;NICE clinical guideline 127&lt;br /&gt;Developed by the Newcastle Guideline Development and Research Unit and&amp;nbsp;updated by the National Clinical Guideline Centre (formerly the National&amp;nbsp;Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions) and the British Hypertension Society&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div id="__ss_11025858" style="width: 477px;"&gt; &lt;strong style="display: block; margin: 12px 0 4px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma/hypertension-clinical-management-of-primary-hypertension-in-adults" target="_blank" title="Hypertension clinical management of primary hypertension in adults"&gt;Hypertension clinical management of primary hypertension in adults&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;iframe frameborder="0" height="510" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" scrolling="no" src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/11025858" width="477"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 5px 0 12px;"&gt; View more &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/" target="_blank"&gt;documents&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma" target="_blank"&gt;Hector Marrufo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-3154335649963490325?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/3154335649963490325/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/hypertension-clinical-management-of.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3154335649963490325'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3154335649963490325'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/hypertension-clinical-management-of.html' title='HYPERTENSION- CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF PRIMARY HYPERTENSION IN ADULTS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7953404805879779597</id><published>2012-01-12T13:26:00.002-06:00</published><updated>2012-01-13T15:02:33.826-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>El entrenamiento cerebral con videojuegos mejora algunas funciones cognitivas</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Y-Jwmc_s4ho/Tw8za9lCBQI/AAAAAAAAAWk/cjh6qgJ61iY/s1600/images+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Y-Jwmc_s4ho/Tw8za9lCBQI/AAAAAAAAAWk/cjh6qgJ61iY/s1600/images+%25281%2529.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="entradilla" style="color: #666666; font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"&gt;Un estudio muestra que juegos como el Tetris o Brain Age contribuyen a mejorar las funciones ejecutivas del cerebro humano.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;form name="vars"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;El videojuego 'Brain Age' puede mejorar algunas funciones cognitivas relativamente rápido, aunque no afecta a la atención ni al estado cognitivo global, según un artículo publicado en&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;PLoS ONE.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;El estudio comparó las funciones cognitivas de 32 participantes de edad avanzada, antes y después de cuatro semanas de practicar con el 'Brain Age' o el Tetris durante 15 minutos al día, por lo menos cinco días a la semana.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;Al final de las cuatro semanas, los investigadores observaron que los jugadores que practicaron con 'Brain Age' presentaban una pequeña mejoría en sus funciones ejecutivas y su velocidad de procesamiento, aunque otras funciones cognitivas se mantuvieron sin cambios.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;Según los investigadores, dirigidos por Rui Nouchi, de la Universidad de Tohoku, en Japón,&amp;nbsp;el tiempo de entrenamiento relativamente corto que se utilizó en el estudio, sugiere que los videojuegos podría mejorar algunas funciones cognitivas con mucha rapidez.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0029676" style="color: #1972c0; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"&gt;PLoS ONE (2012); doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029676&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"&gt;Tomado de: Jano.es&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7953404805879779597?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7953404805879779597/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-entrenamiento-cerebral-con.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7953404805879779597'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7953404805879779597'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2012/01/el-entrenamiento-cerebral-con.html' title='El entrenamiento cerebral con videojuegos mejora algunas funciones cognitivas'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Y-Jwmc_s4ho/Tw8za9lCBQI/AAAAAAAAAWk/cjh6qgJ61iY/s72-c/images+%25281%2529.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-484761070270047324</id><published>2011-12-31T16:10:00.002-06:00</published><updated>2011-12-31T16:15:53.454-06:00</updated><title type='text'>FELIZ AÑO NUEVO</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OM8Ok--SNnY/Tv-JfGaecMI/AAAAAAAAAWE/VEuH5Z6i4iM/s1600/anonuevo.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 241px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OM8Ok--SNnY/Tv-JfGaecMI/AAAAAAAAAWE/VEuH5Z6i4iM/s320/anonuevo.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5692419621410205890" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;LOS MEJORES DESEOS PARA ESTE 2012&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-484761070270047324?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/484761070270047324/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/12/feliz-ano-nuevo.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/484761070270047324'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/484761070270047324'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/12/feliz-ano-nuevo.html' title='FELIZ AÑO NUEVO'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OM8Ok--SNnY/Tv-JfGaecMI/AAAAAAAAAWE/VEuH5Z6i4iM/s72-c/anonuevo.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5124184814055676186</id><published>2011-12-05T14:59:00.002-06:00</published><updated>2011-12-05T15:02:47.661-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>La profilaxis post-exposición, última barrera para evitar la infección por VIH tras un contacto de riesgo</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-g9Z_G3w_gY0/Tt0w7htx19I/AAAAAAAAAV4/Gj-ieCKfvPE/s1600/antirretroviral_540.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 250px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-g9Z_G3w_gY0/Tt0w7htx19I/AAAAAAAAAV4/Gj-ieCKfvPE/s320/antirretroviral_540.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5682752104032229330" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;Un ensayo clínico con 255 pacientes muestra que aquellos individuos que se sometieron a un tratamiento preventivo no contrajeron el VIH, cuando el promedio de contagio tras un contacto de riesgo es del 1%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: -webkit-auto; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Un ensayo clínico con 255 pacientes de seis centros catalanes dirigido por investigadores del Hospital Clínic y el IDIBAPS muestra que aquellos individuos que se sometieron a un tratamiento preventivo no contrajeron el VIH, cuando el promedio de contagio tras un contacto de riesgo es del 1%.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: -webkit-auto; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;Los firmantes del estudio, entre los que figuran el Dr. Vicens Díaz-Brito, el Dr. Josep Maria Gatell y el Dr. Felipe García, subrayan que "en ningún caso esta estrategia puede considerarse una protección ante la infección, pero es una última barrera de seguridad cuando todas las otras han fallado".&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cada año, más de 400 personas reciben la profilaxis post-exposición en el Hospital Clínic de Barcelona tras relaciones sexuales, habitualmente esporádicas, en las que se ha producido algún accidente en la aplicación de medidas de prevención o éstas han sido insuficientes. Se trata de una opción farmacéutica poco conocida por las personas interesadas y por la comunidad médica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;En 2010, la tasa de nuevas infecciones en Cataluña fue de 700 casos, 300 de ellos diagnosticados en el Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. El descenso en la tasa anual respecto a 2001 es del 15%.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.intmedpress.com/journals/avt/abstract.cfm?id=1955&amp;amp;pid=48" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: -webkit-auto; "&gt;Antiviral Therapy (2011); doi: 10.3851/IMP1955&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Tomado de &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;JANO.es &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5124184814055676186?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5124184814055676186/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/12/la-profilaxis-post-exposicion-ultima.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5124184814055676186'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5124184814055676186'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/12/la-profilaxis-post-exposicion-ultima.html' title='La profilaxis post-exposición, última barrera para evitar la infección por VIH tras un contacto de riesgo'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-g9Z_G3w_gY0/Tt0w7htx19I/AAAAAAAAAV4/Gj-ieCKfvPE/s72-c/antirretroviral_540.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-3093851747376618213</id><published>2011-12-05T14:02:00.001-06:00</published><updated>2011-12-05T14:07:15.086-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Las células madre del corazón pueden formar células de músculos y huesos</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nx12WiriH_E/Tt0kMDr310I/AAAAAAAAAVs/Xr8BzokqAzA/s1600/celulas_madre_hematopoyeticas.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 235px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nx12WiriH_E/Tt0kMDr310I/AAAAAAAAAVs/Xr8BzokqAzA/s320/celulas_madre_hematopoyeticas.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5682738094377785154" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class="entradilla" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto; "&gt;Un estudio llevado a cabo por científicos australianos podría sentar las bases para desarrollar terapias regenerativas dirigidas a mejorar la reparación de los tejidos cardíacos tras un infarto de miocardio.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;form name="vars"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Un equipo de investigadores ha identificado una nueva y relativamente abundante fuente de células madre en el corazón. Los hallazgos, publicados en 'Cell Stem Cell', muestran que estas células del corazón tienen la capacidad de expandirse a largo plazo y formar una gran variedad de tipos de células, incluyendo células del corazón, de los músculos, huesos y nervios.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Según los científicos, el descubrimiento podría sentar las bases para desarrollar terapias regenerativas dirigidas a mejorar la reparación de tejidos en el corazón. El corazón dañado, a menudo, no se repara a sí mismo debido al ambiente hostil y a la pérdida de células, incluyendo células madre, después de un ataque al corazón. "Queremos saber cómo preservar las células madre que están presentes para evitar su pérdida", afirma Richard Harvey, del Instituto de Investigación Cardiaca en Australia.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Las células madre cardíacas recién descritas se encuentran tanto en el corazón en desarrollo como en el corazón adulto y, al igual que en la médula ósea y otros órganos, las células que forman colonias se encuentran en las inmediaciones de los vasos sanguíneos.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Según Harvey, a pesar de la capacidad de las células madre para formar otros tipos de células (una característica conocida como multipotencia), éstas poseen además un sesgo hacia los tejidos del corazón por una sencilla razón, "en un sentido evolutivo, han estado dedicadas al corazón durante mucho tiempo, y su flexibilidad puede ser un subproducto de la necesidad de seguir respondiendo a factores externos y a muchos tipos de lesiones".&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Los resultados llegan en un momento importante ya que las células madre obtenidas de corazones humanos durante la cirugía están empezando a mostrar cierto potencial a la hora de revertir el daño de un ataque cardiaco. Igor Slukvin, de la Universidad de Wisconsin, se hace eco de ese punto en un comentario acompañante afirmando que "la comprensión de la biología del desarrollo del corazón es fundamental en el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías para la regeneración cardíaca y las terapias celulares, y fundamental para identificar el tipo y origen de las células capaces de reconstruir un corazón".&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 13px; "&gt;Carla Nieto. Madrid · 02 Diciembre 2011 13:32&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(11)00482-6" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;Cell Stem Cell (2011); doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2011.10.002&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-3093851747376618213?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/3093851747376618213/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/12/las-celulas-madre-del-corazon-pueden_05.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3093851747376618213'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3093851747376618213'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/12/las-celulas-madre-del-corazon-pueden_05.html' title='Las células madre del corazón pueden formar células de músculos y huesos'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nx12WiriH_E/Tt0kMDr310I/AAAAAAAAAVs/Xr8BzokqAzA/s72-c/celulas_madre_hematopoyeticas.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-8907845706060315984</id><published>2011-11-29T20:03:00.003-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-29T20:09:23.520-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;A 30-year-old man with a long history of intravenous drug abuse and chronic hepatitis B presents with jaundice. Physical examination reveals a malnourished man with ascites, dependent pitting edema, spider angiomata, female secondary sex characteristics, and bilateral gynecomastia. Rectal examination reveals yellow-brown stool and a negative stool gualac. External hemorrhoids are present. The patient has poor concentration, but no asterixis is present&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;He has the following biochemical profile:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Total protein 8.3 g,d/L  (normal, 6.O-7.8 g/dL)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Serum albumin 2.5 g/dL (normal, 3.5.-5.5 g/dL)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Serum globulins 5.8 g/dL (normal, 2.3-3.5 g/dL)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Serum calcium 6.5 mg/dL  (normal, 8.4-10.2 mg/dL)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Serum total bilirubin 6.0 mg/dL  (normal, 0.1-1.0 mg/dL)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Urinalysis: positive for bilirubin&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Serum AST 200 U/L (normal, 8-20 U/L) &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Serum ALT 350 U/L  (normal, 8-20 U/L)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Serum AP 180 U/L  (normal, 20-70 U/L)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Serum GGT 100 U/L (normal, 6-37 U/L)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Serum LDH 300 U/L (normal, 45-90 U/L)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• CBC: macrocytic anemia, hypersegmented neutrophils, mild neutropenia, mild  thrombocytopenla&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• Coagulation: prothrombin time (PT) is prolonged and does not correct with intramuscular vitamin K.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;1. What is the clinical significance of his abnormal liver function tests, hypoalbuminemia, and prolonged prothrombin time that does not correct with intramuscular vitamin K?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;2. What is the clinical significance of hypocalcemia in this patient?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;3. What is the most likely cause of the macrocytic anemia?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-8907845706060315984?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/8907845706060315984/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/aprendizaje-basado-en-problemas.html#comment-form' title='6 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8907845706060315984'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8907845706060315984'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/aprendizaje-basado-en-problemas.html' title='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>6</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-3346666316140980309</id><published>2011-11-25T14:15:00.001-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-25T14:30:50.673-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Chew Gum, Lose Weight? Hormone That Helps People Feel 'Full' After Eating Can Be Delivered Into Bloodstream Orally</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OJVYhd539AM/Ts_60DUXacI/AAAAAAAAAVg/eahxSkKDsVw/s1600/111121194035.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 285px; height: 320px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OJVYhd539AM/Ts_60DUXacI/AAAAAAAAAVg/eahxSkKDsVw/s320/111121194035.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5679033427288353218" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: medium; "&gt;Most people understand that serious weight loss requires changing attitudes toward what they eat and how often they exercise. But, what if the process could be aided by simply chewing a stick of gum after meals? That's the question a team of scientists, led by Syracuse University chemist Robert Doyle, is trying to answer. In a groundbreaking new study, Doyle's team demonstrated, for the first time, that a critical hormone that helps people feel "full" after eating can be delivered into the bloodstream orally.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Doyle's study was published online Nov. 4, 2011 in the American Chemical Society's &lt;em&gt;Journal of Medicinal Chemistry&lt;/em&gt; and is forthcoming in print. Doyle is an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry in SU's College of Arts and Sciences. He collaborated on the study with researchers from Murdoch University in Australia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;The hormone, called human PYY, is part of a chemical system that regulates appetite and energy. When people eat or exercise, PYY is released into the bloodstream. The amount of PYY that is released increases with the number of calories that are consumed. Past studies have shown that people who are obese have lower concentrations of PYY in their bloodstream both when fasting and after eating than their non-obese counterparts. Additionally, intravenous infusion of PYY into a volunteer group of obese and non-obese individuals increased the serum levels of the hormone and lowered the number of calories both groups consumed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;"PYY is an appetite-suppressing hormone," Doyle says. "But, when taken orally, the hormone is destroyed in the stomach and that which isn't destroyed has difficulty crossing into the bloodstream through the intestines."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;What's needed is a way to disguise the PYY so that it can travel through the digestive system relatively unharmed. Several years ago, Doyle developed a way to use vitamin B12 as a vehicle for the oral delivery of the hormone insulin. B12 is able to pass through the digestive system with relative ease and carry with it insulin, or other substances, into the bloodstream. Similarly, his research team attached the PYY hormone to his patent-pending vitamin B12 system. "Phase one of this study was to show that we could deliver a clinically relevant amount of PYY into the bloodstream," Doyle says. "We did that, and we are very excited by the results."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;The next step involves finding ways to insert the B12-PYY system into such things as chewing gum or an oral tablet to create a nutritional supplement to assist individuals in losing weight in much the same way as nicotine-laced gum is used to help people stop smoking. "If we are successful, PYY-laced gum would be a natural way to help people lose weight," he says. "They could eat a balanced meal, then chew a stick of gum. The PYY supplement would begin to kick in about three to four hours later, decreasing their appetite as they approach their next meal."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;Syracuse University. "Chew gum, lose weight? Hormone that helps people feel 'full' after eating can be delivered into bloodstream orally."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;ScienceDaily&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;, 21 Nov. 2011. Web. 25 Nov. 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h1 id="headline" class="story" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0px; color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-size: 20px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-3346666316140980309?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/3346666316140980309/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/chew-gum-lose-weight-hormone-that-helps.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3346666316140980309'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3346666316140980309'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/chew-gum-lose-weight-hormone-that-helps.html' title='Chew Gum, Lose Weight? Hormone That Helps People Feel &apos;Full&apos; After Eating Can Be Delivered Into Bloodstream Orally'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OJVYhd539AM/Ts_60DUXacI/AAAAAAAAAVg/eahxSkKDsVw/s72-c/111121194035.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-599636876927183437</id><published>2011-11-25T12:02:00.001-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-25T12:04:31.202-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Physical Activity Impacts Overall Quality of Sleep</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-tkhqmm5I-ag/Ts_YfWNMiiI/AAAAAAAAAVU/jxTO77glNK8/s1600/sue%25C3%25B1o.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 133px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-tkhqmm5I-ag/Ts_YfWNMiiI/AAAAAAAAAVU/jxTO77glNK8/s320/sue%25C3%25B1o.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5678995688185956898" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="date" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-style: italic; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: medium; "&gt;ScienceDaily (Nov. 22, 2011)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: medium; "&gt; — People sleep significantly better and feel more alert during the day if they get at least 150 minutes of exercise a week, a new study concludes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;A nationally representative sample of more than 2,600 men and women, ages 18-85, found that 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous activity a week, which is the national guideline, provided a 65 percent improvement in sleep quality. People also said they felt less sleepy during the day, compared to those with less physical activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;The study, out in the December issue of the journal &lt;em&gt;Mental Health and Physical Activity&lt;/em&gt;, lends more evidence to mounting research showing the importance of exercise to a number of health factors. Among adults in the United States, about 35 to 40 percent of the population has problems with falling asleep or with daytime sleepiness.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;"We were using the physical activity guidelines set forth for cardiovascular health, but it appears that those guidelines might have a spillover effect to other areas of health," said Brad Cardinal, a professor of exercise science at Oregon State University and one of the study's authors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;"Increasingly, the scientific evidence is encouraging as regular physical activity may serve as a non-pharmaceutical alternative to improve sleep."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;After controlling for age, BMI (Body Mass Index), health status, smoking status, and depression, the relative risk of often feeling overly sleepy during the day compared to never feeling overly sleepy during the day decreased by 65 percent for participants meeting physical activity guidelines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Similar results were also found for having leg cramps while sleeping (68 percent less likely) and having difficulty concentrating when tired (45 percent decrease).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Paul Loprinzi, an assistant professor at Bellarmine University is lead author of the study, which was conducted while he was a doctoral student in Cardinal's lab at OSU. He said it is the first study to examine the relationship between accelerometer-measured physical activity and sleep while utilizing a nationally representative sample of adults of all ages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;'Our findings demonstrate a link between regular physical activity and perceptions of sleepiness during the day, which suggests that participation in physical activity on a regular basis may positively influence an individual's productivity at work, or in the case of a student, influence their ability to pay attention in class," he said.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Cardinal said past studies linking physical activity and sleep used only self-reports of exercise. The danger with this is that many people tend to overestimate the amount of activity they do, he said.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;He added that the take-away for consumers is to remember that exercise has a number of health benefits, and that can include helping feel alert and awake.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;"Physical activity may not just be good for the waistline and heart, but it also can help you sleep," Cardinal said. "There are trade-offs. It may be easier when you are tired to skip the workout and go to sleep, but it may be beneficial for your long-term health to make the hard decision and get your exercise."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;Oregon State University. "Physical activity impacts overall quality of sleep." &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;ScienceDaily&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;, 22 Nov. 2011. Web. 25 Nov. 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-599636876927183437?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/599636876927183437/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/physical-activity-impacts-overall.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/599636876927183437'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/599636876927183437'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/physical-activity-impacts-overall.html' title='Physical Activity Impacts Overall Quality of Sleep'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-tkhqmm5I-ag/Ts_YfWNMiiI/AAAAAAAAAVU/jxTO77glNK8/s72-c/sue%25C3%25B1o.JPG' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7853140285631307771</id><published>2011-11-17T19:43:00.004-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-17T19:48:10.936-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Childhood Adiposity and Cardiovascular Risk</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3ebVCqIJvzc/TsW4uxhhKJI/AAAAAAAAAVI/Sp4Gt7QZ41o/s1600/Childhood-Adiposity-and-Cardiovascular-Risk.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 205px; height: 208px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3ebVCqIJvzc/TsW4uxhhKJI/AAAAAAAAAVI/Sp4Gt7QZ41o/s320/Childhood-Adiposity-and-Cardiovascular-Risk.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5676146019077793938" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions, and has moved beyond public health discourse and onto the public stage. No doubt, efforts to prevent and treat childhood obesity are critical. But in the face of highly visible social campaigns -from school lunch reform to the elimination of “food deserts,” it can be tough to tell where medical knowledge ends, and common sense begins.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Here’s what we do know: First, childhood obesity is a big problem-in the US, 16.9% of children and adolescents age 2 to 19 years of age &lt;a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/obesity_child_07_08/obesity_child_07_08.htm" style="color: rgb(86, 80, 143); font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; "&gt;are estimated to be obese&lt;/a&gt;. We also know that obese children are likely to go on to &lt;a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18331423" style="color: rgb(86, 80, 143); font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; "&gt;become obese adults&lt;/a&gt;. We know that &lt;a href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa031049" style="color: rgb(86, 80, 143); font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; "&gt;risk factors for cardiovascular disease&lt;/a&gt; such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, are already present in obese children. And finally, we know that childhood obesity is associated with an &lt;a href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa072515" style="color: rgb(86, 80, 143); font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; "&gt;increased risk of an adult cardiovascular event&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;But what we didn’t know, at least not until today, is whether childhood obesity confers a lifetime of increased cardiovascular risk, or whether this risk can be attenuated if obese kids become normal-sized adults. No one is about to object to efforts to combat childhood obesity, but knowing whether childhood obesity predicts adult cardiovascular risk, independent of adult BMI, is critical to shaping our efforts moving forward. Now some clarity may be coming our way.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;In today’s issue of the NEJM, &lt;a href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1010112" style="color: rgb(86, 80, 143); font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; "&gt;Juonala et al&lt;/a&gt;. publish their results from 6328 subjects, who averaged 11.4 years of age at baseline, and were prospectively followed for a mean 23 years. The good news? Obese children, who become nonobese by adulthood, have the same cardiovascular risk profile as adults who were never obese.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;The study authors looked at four cohorts of children from the US, Australia, and Finland. The primary outcomes assessed were the presence of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and high-risk carotid intima-media thickness. There were 274 obese children who went on to become nonobese adults.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;As would be predicted from previous studies, childhood overweight or obesity was associated with overall increased cardiovascular risk, with some variation in the individual parameters within each cohort.  However, in the group of obese children who went on to become nonobese adults, the cardiovascular risk profile was similar to that in the group of nonobese children who went on to become nonobese adults.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;The unfortunate corollary is that being a nonobese child does not protect you if you go on to become an obese adult. For example, obese adults, regardless of childhood adiposity status, have a risk of type 2 diabetes that is four times that of nonobese adults.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Before we all jump on the no-cookie-bandwagon, a few caveats. First, these data are observational, and give us no information about cause and effect, nor on how weight loss was achieved. The outcomes assessed are risk factors, rather than hard endpoints like cardiovascular events. The number of obese children who went on to become nonobese adults was quite small compared to those who either stayed obese, or equally concerning, became obese. Finally, most of the subjects enrolled were white, and it is not clear how well these findings would apply to children of other ethnic groups, many of whom are affected by this obesity epidemic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;All that said, given the magnitude of this epidemic and its potential consequences, these results are at least somewhat encouraging. Now, how to help more obese children become nonobese adults? Let’s move indeed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4 class="date" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 17px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;Posted by Lisa Rosenbaum • November 16th, 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;h4 class="date" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 9px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 17px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 19px; "&gt;Tomado de: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"&gt;blogs.nejm.org&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, 'San Serif'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7853140285631307771?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7853140285631307771/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/childhood-adiposity-and-cardiovascular.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7853140285631307771'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7853140285631307771'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/childhood-adiposity-and-cardiovascular.html' title='Childhood Adiposity and Cardiovascular Risk'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3ebVCqIJvzc/TsW4uxhhKJI/AAAAAAAAAVI/Sp4Gt7QZ41o/s72-c/Childhood-Adiposity-and-Cardiovascular-Risk.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-8081738808850283307</id><published>2011-11-16T20:00:00.003-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-17T10:41:51.793-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='HEMOSTASIA PRIMARIA'/><title type='text'>HEMOSTASIA PRIMARIA: FISIOLOGIA Y LABORATORIO</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;Clase presentada en la rotación de patología clínica Noviembre 2011 por &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Dr. Tania Tonantzin Vargas y el Dr. Felipe Piña&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Gracias por el material y felicidades&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="width:425px" id="__ss_10194153"&gt;&lt;strong style="display:block;margin:12px 0 4px"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma/hemostasia-primaria" title="Hemostasia primaria"&gt;Hemostasia primaria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;object id="__sse10194153" width="425" height="355"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=hemostasiaprimaria-111116200041-phpapp02&amp;amp;stripped_title=hemostasia-primaria&amp;amp;userName=drecma"&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;param name="wmode" value="transparent"&gt;&lt;embed name="__sse10194153" src="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=hemostasiaprimaria-111116200041-phpapp02&amp;amp;stripped_title=hemostasia-primaria&amp;amp;userName=drecma" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" wmode="transparent" width="425" height="355"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div style="padding:5px 0 12px"&gt;View more &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/"&gt;presentations&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma"&gt;Hector Marrufo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script src="http://b.scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js?c1=7&amp;amp;c2=7400849&amp;amp;c3=1&amp;amp;c4=&amp;amp;c5=&amp;amp;c6="&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-8081738808850283307?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/8081738808850283307/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/hemostasia-primaria-fisiologia-y.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8081738808850283307'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8081738808850283307'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/hemostasia-primaria-fisiologia-y.html' title='HEMOSTASIA PRIMARIA: FISIOLOGIA Y LABORATORIO'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5175427480754007081</id><published>2011-11-16T13:41:00.000-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-16T13:42:25.463-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PROTEINA S-100'/><title type='text'>Serum s100 b levels after meningioma surgery</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="width:477px" id="__ss_10190333"&gt;&lt;strong style="display:block;margin:12px 0 4px"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma/serum-s100-b-levels-after-meningioma-surgery" title="Serum s100 b levels after meningioma surgery"&gt;Serum s100 b levels after meningioma surgery&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;object id="__sse10190333" width="477" height="510"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/doc_player.swf?doc=serums100blevelsaftermeningiomasurgery-111116133916-phpapp02&amp;amp;stripped_title=serum-s100-b-levels-after-meningioma-surgery&amp;amp;userName=drecma"&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;param name="wmode" value="transparent"&gt;&lt;embed name="__sse10190333" src="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/doc_player.swf?doc=serums100blevelsaftermeningiomasurgery-111116133916-phpapp02&amp;amp;stripped_title=serum-s100-b-levels-after-meningioma-surgery&amp;amp;userName=drecma" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" wmode="transparent" width="477" height="510"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div style="padding:5px 0 12px"&gt;View more &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/"&gt;documents&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma"&gt;Hector Marrufo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5175427480754007081?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5175427480754007081/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/serum-s100-b-levels-after-meningioma.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5175427480754007081'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5175427480754007081'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/serum-s100-b-levels-after-meningioma.html' title='Serum s100 b levels after meningioma surgery'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-6912039281342636604</id><published>2011-11-12T14:30:00.002-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-12T14:32:04.975-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Desarrollan un 'lifting celular' para retrasar la aparición de trastornos vinculados a la vejez</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4-hrNYuzvd8/Tr7Xj6FW0YI/AAAAAAAAAUw/i4MUaVhqJK8/s1600/images.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 203px; height: 240px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4-hrNYuzvd8/Tr7Xj6FW0YI/AAAAAAAAAUw/i4MUaVhqJK8/s320/images.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5674209592420520322" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p class="entradilla" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto; "&gt;Se trata de eliminar aquellas células que alcanzan el estado de senescencia, una especie de 'limbo' en el que ni mueren ni continúan multiplicándose.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;form name="vars"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Investigadores de la Clínica Mayo en Rochester (Estados Unidos) han demostrado que al eliminar las células que se van acumulando con la edad se evitaría o retrasaría la aparición de trastornos y discapacidades vinculadas al envejecimiento, según los resultados de un estudio que publica la revista &lt;em&gt;Nature.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Dicho estudio, realizado en ratones modificados genéticamente, ofrece las primeras pruebas de que hay células "ociosas" que pueden contribuir al envejecimiento, lo que ofrece un medio para ayudar a las personas a mantenerse sanas según se hacen mayores.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;"Al destruir estas células y lo que , algún día se podrá romper la conexión entre los mecanismos del envejecimiento y la predisposición a enfermedades cardíacas, accidentes cerebrovasculares, cáncer y demencia", según asegura el director del Centro Robert y Arlene Kogod de Mayo para el Envejecimiento, James Kirkland.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Hace cinco décadas, los científicos descubrieron que las células atravesaban una cantidad limitada de divisiones antes de dejar de dividirse. Cuando llegan a ese punto, alcanzan un estado de limbo, conocido como senescencia celular, en el cual ni mueren ni continúan multiplicándose. Aunque el sistema inmune elimina regularmente estas células disfuncionales, con el tiempo se vuelve menos eficaz para realizar esta especie de 'aseo'.       &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Según explica el biólogo molecular Jan van Deursen, autor del estudio, con este hallazgo "la acumulación de estas células ocasiona trastornos y molestias". El doctor Van Deursen y su equipo diseñaron genéticamente un grupo de ratones para que sus células senescentes alojaran una molécula llamada 'caspasa 8' que sólo se activa ante la presencia de un fármaco que no ejerce ningún efecto sobre las células normales. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Cuando se exponía a los ratones transgénicos a este fármaco, la 'caspasa 8' se activaba en las células senescentes, perforando la membrana celular para eliminarlas. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Los científicos observaron que la eliminación permanente de células senescentes retrasó la aparición de trastornos vinculados a la vejez, como cataratas y pérdida o debilidad muscular.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature10600.html" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;Nature (2011); doi:10.1038/nature10600&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 13px; "&gt;JANO.es · 09 Noviembre 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-6912039281342636604?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/6912039281342636604/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/desarrollan-un-lifting-celular-para.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6912039281342636604'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6912039281342636604'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/desarrollan-un-lifting-celular-para.html' title='Desarrollan un &apos;lifting celular&apos; para retrasar la aparición de trastornos vinculados a la vejez'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4-hrNYuzvd8/Tr7Xj6FW0YI/AAAAAAAAAUw/i4MUaVhqJK8/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-2781241838826040592</id><published>2011-11-11T12:21:00.000-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-11T12:23:27.166-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='TROMBOFILIA'/><title type='text'>Testing for hereditary thrombophilia</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;&lt;object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" style="width:550px;height:357px" id="2e9a951f-a6c0-fad3-039d-e80d2856c2b1"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://static.issuu.com/webembed/viewers/style1/v2/IssuuReader.swf?mode=mini&amp;amp;backgroundColor=%23222222&amp;amp;documentId=111111181745-1dc5b53dfd35480d893e046d24bd82d0"&gt;&lt;param name="allowfullscreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="menu" value="false"&gt;&lt;param name="wmode" value="transparent"&gt;&lt;embed src="http://static.issuu.com/webembed/viewers/style1/v2/IssuuReader.swf" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" menu="false" wmode="transparent" style="width:550px;height:357px" flashvars="mode=mini&amp;amp;backgroundColor=%23222222&amp;amp;documentId=111111181745-1dc5b53dfd35480d893e046d24bd82d0"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div style="width:550px;text-align:left;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://issuu.com/drecma/docs/testing_for_hereditary_thrombophilia?mode=window&amp;amp;backgroundColor=%23222222" target="_blank"&gt;Open publication&lt;/a&gt; - Free &lt;a href="http://issuu.com" target="_blank"&gt;publishing&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://issuu.com/search?q=hereditary" target="_blank"&gt;More hereditary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-2781241838826040592?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/2781241838826040592/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/testing-for-hereditary-thrombophilia.html#comment-form' title='2 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/2781241838826040592'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/2781241838826040592'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/testing-for-hereditary-thrombophilia.html' title='Testing for hereditary thrombophilia'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-4012251543605928604</id><published>2011-11-10T13:57:00.003-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-10T14:18:17.892-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APREDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS (CASO CLINICO)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;A 39 year old female CLS complained to the  laboratory director of a persistently sore and swelling leg.  After a brief discussion he  referred her to her HMO primary care ER.  She  was subsequently admitted to the hospital and  found to have a DVT with further  documentation of PE.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;On oral contraceptives at the time of the event. The affected leg had a history of superficial phlebitis Previous history of a positive ANA and a false  positive VDRL.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Parents living, siblings living, 2 children—all healthy;  one parent with history of rheumatoid arthritis, no  thrombosis.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Immediate environment: includes small farm and  association with horses and other small livestock.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Normal CBC for past 10 years.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;No neurological complaints&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Normal pregnancies with uneventful deliveries and  post-partum experiences.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Laboratory Results&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;CBC Normal&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;PT :12.8 seconds (11 – 13 seconds)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;APTT: 32.9 seconds (25 – 33 seconds)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;DRVVT:43 seconds (35 - 45 seconds)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Fibrinogen: 236 mg/dL (170 – 410 mg/dL)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Anti-Cardiolipin IgG  IgM  IgA:   Negative&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Staclot® LA Positive - 12 seconds  (Negative &amp;lt; 8 seconds)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Considerations&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Is 39 considered young for this event?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Does lifestyle play a role?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Role of oral contraception in hypercoagulation?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Is the false positive VDRL an important clue?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Should a laboratory workup for thrombosis be  ordered?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-4012251543605928604?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/4012251543605928604/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/apredizaje-basado-en-problemas-caso.html#comment-form' title='7 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4012251543605928604'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4012251543605928604'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/apredizaje-basado-en-problemas-caso.html' title='APREDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS (CASO CLINICO)'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-389499908141814616</id><published>2011-11-04T12:52:00.004-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-04T12:58:23.729-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PRUEBAS DE FUNCIONAMIENTO RENAL'/><title type='text'>Evaluation of Renal Function Guidelines</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;Evaluation of Renal Function Guidelines&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The CARI Guidelines – Caring for Australians with Renal Impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(July 2005)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-gZBgxECGxFg/TrQ1lfeR4LI/AAAAAAAAAUk/dY6Z5ajuVUM/s1600/GUIA.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-gZBgxECGxFg/TrQ1lfeR4LI/AAAAAAAAAUk/dY6Z5ajuVUM/s320/GUIA.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5671216748986228914" style="cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 198px; " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.4shared.com/document/SPOsqLHg/Evaluation_of_Renal_Function_G.html"&gt;DESCARGAR GUIA (DAR CLICK AQUI)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-389499908141814616?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/389499908141814616/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/blog-post_04.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/389499908141814616'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/389499908141814616'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/blog-post_04.html' title='Evaluation of Renal Function Guidelines'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-gZBgxECGxFg/TrQ1lfeR4LI/AAAAAAAAAUk/dY6Z5ajuVUM/s72-c/GUIA.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-6964046918153617606</id><published>2011-11-04T12:33:00.003-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-04T12:40:14.745-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PRACTICAS'/><title type='text'>PRACTICA DE LABORATORIO MODULO DE NEFROLOGIA 2011</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;MATERIAL PARA LA PRACTICA DE LABORATORIO&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;b&gt;EXAMEN GENERAL DE ORINA&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;MODULO NEFROLOGIA NOV 2011&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.4shared.com/document/H9TV144_/PRACTICA_EGO_MODULO_NEFRO_2011.html"&gt;DESCARGAR DOCUMENTO DE LA PRACTICA (DAR CLICK AQUI)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;b style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;NO HABRA CAMBIOS EN LA PROGRAMACION&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;CAUSAS DE NO APROBAR LA PRACTICA:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;1.-FALTAR&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;2.-NO ENTREGAR REPORTE DE PRACTICA EL DIA QUE SE INDICA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;3.-NO PARTICIPAR DURANTE LA PRACTICA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: small; "&gt;4.-PLAGIO DE REPORTES&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-6964046918153617606?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/6964046918153617606/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/practica-de-laboratorio-modulo-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6964046918153617606'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6964046918153617606'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/practica-de-laboratorio-modulo-de.html' title='PRACTICA DE LABORATORIO MODULO DE NEFROLOGIA 2011'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-991617908170029117</id><published>2011-11-02T15:16:00.002-06:00</published><updated>2011-11-02T15:19:25.897-06:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>BENEFICIOS DE LOS PROBIOTICOS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oPjA_PbjdJ8/TrGzcyzDy0I/AAAAAAAAAUM/Gu7D2_OKJyo/s1600/probioticos.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 224px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oPjA_PbjdJ8/TrGzcyzDy0I/AAAAAAAAAUM/Gu7D2_OKJyo/s320/probioticos.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5670510713089805122" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.jano.es/jano/actualidad/ultimas/noticias/carla/nieto/madrid/confirman/beneficios/probioticos/frente/diarreas/infantiles/sindrome/intestino/irritable/infecciones/respiratorias/_f-11+iditem-15382+idtabla-1" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;Se confirman los beneficios de los probióticos frente a las diarreas infantiles, el síndrome del intestino irritable y las infecciones respiratorias&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p class="entradilla" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;Un grupo de expertos presenta en el simposio 'Microbiota &amp;amp; Probiotics: A life long relationship' los resultados de las últimas investigaciones sobre el papel que los probióticos desempeñan en la prevención de patologías intestinales.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; text-align: -webkit-auto; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;form name="vars"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;En el marco del XI Congreso de la Federación Europea de Sociedades de Nutrición se ha llevado a cabo el simposio 'Microbiota &amp;amp; Probiotics: A life long relationship' (Microbiota &amp;amp; probióticos: una relación de larga vida), en el que un grupo de expertos internacionales han presentado los resultados de las últimas investigaciones científicas sobre el papel que los probióticos desempeñan en la prevención y tratamiento de dolencias como las enfermedades diarreicas, las infecciones de las vías respiratorias superiores, la gripe, los trastornos digestivos o las enfermedades funcionales crónicas (estreñimiento, síndrome del intestino irritable, dispepsia, hinchazón).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;Durante su intervención, el doctor Francisco Guarner-Aguilar, del Servicio de Patología Digestiva del Hospital Vall d’Hebron, de Barcelona, habló de la composición y las funciones de la microbiota en el intestino humano, y analizó los resultados del proyecto europeo MetaHit, en el cual se ha secuenciado el genoma completo de los microorganismos presentes en la microbiota del intestino humano, identificándose grupos de bacterias presentes en el organismo que pueden responder de manera específica al consumo de alimentos y fármacos. “Las herramientas utilizadas en el proyecto MetaHit para el análisis de la microbiota intestinal se están aplicando actualmente en la investigación del papel que juegan los microorganismos en otras dos patologías: la obesidad y las enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;El profesor Yvan Vandenplas, del Departamento de Pediatría del Hospital Universitario de Bruselas, abordó el tema de la diarrea aguda y otros trastornos funcionales gastrointestinales infantiles, y analizó los resultados de un metanálisis que tomó como base un total de 63 estudios que demostraron el papel beneficioso de los probióticos tanto en la reducción de la duración de las diarreas agudas en niños sanos como en la prevención de la diarrea asociada al consumo de antibióticos en menores. “También hay indicios de que estos microorganismos mejoran los dolores abdominales relacionados con la función gastrointestinal en niños. Sin embargo, sigue habiendo controversias respecto al papel que juegan los probióticos en la prevención de las alergias infantiles”. Así mismo, el doctor Vandenplas se refirió a los resultados positivos obtenidos con la combinación de probióticos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;Por su parte, el doctor Philipe Marteau, del Departamento de Patología Digestiva del Hospital Lariboisière, de París, centró su intervención en el papel de los probióticos en los trastornos funcionales intestinales y el síndrome del intestino irritable en adultos. El doctor Marteau se refirió a los resultados obtenidos en varios estudios randomizados doble ciego que demostraron que varios tipos de probióticos (concretamente Bifidobacteriun animalis DN 173 010, Bifidobacteriun infantis 35624, VSL#3 y Lactobacillus plantarum 299v) alivian los síntomas gastrointestinales y digestivos asociados al síndrome del intestino irritable.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;La relación entre los probióticos y el aumento de las defensas frente a las infecciones de las vías respiratorias más frecuentes en los ancianos fue el tema abordado por el doctor Eric Guillemard, del Grupo de Beneficios Inmunitarios de Danone Research. “Los resultados de tres estudios multicéntricos doble ciego randomizados llevados a cabo con personas mayores de 70 años y centrados en los efectos que el consumo de leche fermentada que contenía el probiótico Lactobacillus casei CNCM I-1518/DN-114 001 tenían sobre la respuesta inmunitaria que seguía a la vacuna contra la gripe demostraron que los anticuerpos específicos de la gripe estaban más elevados en aquellos participantes que habían consumido este tipo de leche que en los del grupo de control. De ello se puede deducir que el consumo habitual de leche fermentada rica en este probiótico mejora la resistencia frente a las enfermedades infecciosas más frecuentes, especialmente las respiratorias, y potencia la respuesta inmune frente a la vacuna de la gripe entre la población anciana”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;Tomado de Jano.es Nov 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-991617908170029117?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/991617908170029117/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/beneficios-de-los-probioticos.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/991617908170029117'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/991617908170029117'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/11/beneficios-de-los-probioticos.html' title='BENEFICIOS DE LOS PROBIOTICOS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oPjA_PbjdJ8/TrGzcyzDy0I/AAAAAAAAAUM/Gu7D2_OKJyo/s72-c/probioticos.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-3636957736835225106</id><published>2011-10-29T12:37:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-29T12:38:41.939-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Los teléfonos celulares no aumentan el riesgo de cáncer del cerebro, afirma un estudio</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CqdYiKPR7nA/Tqw54YPG-6I/AAAAAAAAATo/gztvdx8or80/s1600/cel.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 180px; height: 138px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CqdYiKPR7nA/Tqw54YPG-6I/AAAAAAAAATo/gztvdx8or80/s320/cel.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5668969671693892514" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 130, 200); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;Uno de los estudios de mayor tamaño y duración observó los posibles peligros, y no halló ninguno, informan investigadores&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 130, 200); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Los cinco millones de personas de todo el mundo que hablan por teléfonos celulares no deben preocuparse sobre un mayor riesgo de cáncer del cerebro, afirma una investigación danesa reciente.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Uno de los estudios de mayor tamaño y duración sobre el tema no halló más tumores cerebrales entre las personas que habían tenido teléfonos celulares durante 17 años que entre aquellas que no los habían tenido.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Aunque ningún estudio puede descartar el peligro con una certeza absoluta, "creemos que si existe es extremadamente bajo", señaló el Dr. Ezriel E. Kornel, director del Instituto de Neurociencia del Hospital de Northen Westchester, en Mount Kisco, Nueva York.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Estudios anteriores no han dado una respuesta definitiva a la pregunta sobre si el uso de teléfonos celulares es dañino. Aunque varios estudios no han hallado causa de alarma, unos cuantos sí mostraron un mayor riesgo de tumores cerebrales malignos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Según la totalidad de la evidencia existente, la Organización Mundial de la Salud calificó en mayo a los teléfonos celulares como "posiblemente carcinogénicos para los humanos" y los colocaron en la misma categoría que el pesticida DDT y los gases de gasolina de los tubos de escape de los motores.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Los expertos se han preocupado de que los campos magnéticos de radiofrecuencia enviados por un teléfono celular que se sostiene cerca de la oreja pudieran provocar una malignidad.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;El nuevo estudio, liderado por investigadores del Instituto de Epidemiología del Cáncer de Copenhague, fue un seguimiento de un ensayo anterior que tampoco encontró un aumento en el riesgo entre los usuarios de teléfonos celulares. Su informe más reciente aparece en la edición del 20 de octubre de la revista &lt;i&gt;BMJ&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;En éste, los investigadores analizaron los datos de unas 360,000 personas de Dinamarca que tenían suscripciones de teléfonos celulares.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;No hubo diferencia en la incidencia de tumores entre los dos grupos en general, o entre las personas que habían tenido teléfonos celulares durante trece o más años.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Tampoco hubo indicio alguno de que los tumores podrían ser más comunes en las áreas del cerebro más cercanas al oído en que se apoyan los teléfonos celulares.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Hubo un aumento muy ligero en el riesgo de glioma, un tipo de tumor cerebral maligno, entre los hombres, pero la diferencia prácticamente desapareció tras cinco años.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"Esto podría significar potencialmente que las personas que tienen una predisposición genética están en mayor riesgo cuando usan teléfonos celulares, pero con el transcurso de los años el efecto se desvanece porque las personas que iban a sufrir de tumores ya los sufren", explicó el Dr. Michael Schulder, vicepresidente de cirugía del Instituto de Neurociencia Cushing en la Escuela de Medicina Hofstra North Shore-LIJ en Manhasset, Nueva York.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Kornel anotó que una limitación del nuevo estudio es que los autores no pudieron observar durante cuánto tiempo ni con qué frecuencia las personas usaban sus teléfonos celulares, si es que de hecho los usaban.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;A pesar de los hallazgos, es poco probable que la cuestión de una relación entre el cáncer de cerebro y los teléfonos celulares reciba pronto una respuesta que sea satisfactoria para todos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Mientras tanto, las personas pueden tomar algunas medidas de sentido común para reducir cualquier riesgo posible.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"En lugar de pegarse el teléfono a un lado de la cabeza, use un audífono con un cable", aconsejó Schulder.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;El Dr. Jay Brooks, presidente de hematología y oncología del Sistema de Salud Ochsner de Baton Rouge, Luisiana, apuntó que "si va a usar un teléfono celular, intente usarlo el mínimo necesario".&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Sin embargo, añadió que no cree que "los riesgos sean muy altos, si es que los hay".&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Pero quizás el peor peligro de los teléfonos celulares no sea el cáncer de cerebro.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"El mayor riesgo que se incurre con los teléfonos celulares es durante la conducción", advirtió Schulder. "Si se estudiaran diez millones de personas durante cien años, el riesgo de enviar mensajes de texto mientras se conduce, ver correos electrónicos, sostener el teléfono en la cabeza con la mano y probablemente, hasta cierto punto, incluso hablar por teléfono es mucho más peligroso que cualquier otra cosa que un estudio como este pueda mostrar".&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;FUENTES: Ezriel E. Kornel, M.D., neurosurgeon and director, Neuroscience Institute, Northern Westchester Hospital, Mount Kisco, N.Y.; Michael Schulder, M.D., vice chairman, neurosurgery, Cushing Neuroscience Institute, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Manhasset, N.Y.; Jay Brooks, M.D., chairman, hematology/oncology, Ochsner Health System, Baton Rouge, La.; Oct. 20, 2011, &lt;i&gt;BMJ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-3636957736835225106?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/3636957736835225106/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/los-telefonos-celulares-no-aumentan-el.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3636957736835225106'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3636957736835225106'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/los-telefonos-celulares-no-aumentan-el.html' title='Los teléfonos celulares no aumentan el riesgo de cáncer del cerebro, afirma un estudio'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CqdYiKPR7nA/Tqw54YPG-6I/AAAAAAAAATo/gztvdx8or80/s72-c/cel.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-4882366182165244570</id><published>2011-10-29T12:17:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-29T12:20:53.304-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Descubren que las meninges contienen células madre que pueden ayudar a tratar daños en la médula espinal</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0xhFQ1oUsG0/Tqw1zDif5gI/AAAAAAAAATc/24Hh7U3_fBg/s1600/images.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 259px; height: 194px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0xhFQ1oUsG0/Tqw1zDif5gI/AAAAAAAAATc/24Hh7U3_fBg/s320/images.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5668965182192215554" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;p class="entradilla" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; "&gt;La identificación de estas células es crucial en la búsqueda de tratamientos para daños espinales y desordenes cerebrales degenerativos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;form name="vars"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Científicos españoles e italianos han hallado pruebas de que las meninges -membranas que envuelven el sistema nervioso central- contienen células madre que son capaces de regenerarse por si mismas, lo cual podía suponer un avance a la hora de tratar daños de la médula espinal. El estudio ha sido publicado en la revista &lt;em&gt;Stem Cells.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;"Nuestra investigación supone la primera prueba de que las meninges de la médula espinal, el sistema de membranas que cubre la superficie del cerebro y de la médula espinal, contienen células madre que son capaces de regenerarse por si mismas y proliferar", han destacado los líderes de la investigación, los doctores Ilativas Decimo y Francesco Bifari, de la Universidad de Verona.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Así, el equipo de Decimo tomó ejemplos de las meninges de la médula espinal de ratas adultas que revelaron que las células meníngeas contienen células madre cruciales en este sentido. Esta investigación supone un paso adelante en la búsqueda de tratamientos para daños espinales y desordenes cerebrales degenerativos.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Por su parte, el editor de &lt;em&gt;Stem Cells,&lt;/em&gt; el doctor Miodrag Stojkovic, ha afirmado que "el estudio subraya la importancia de las células madre endógenas". "La identificación de estas células es crucial para comprender el mecanismo de la biología celular y la reparación del tejido, pero también para identificar tratamientos químicos que podrían servir para movilizar las células madre de la meninges", ha argumentado&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;JANO.es · 28 Octubre 2011 14:10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-4882366182165244570?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/4882366182165244570/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/descubren-que-las-meninges-contienen.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4882366182165244570'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4882366182165244570'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/descubren-que-las-meninges-contienen.html' title='Descubren que las meninges contienen células madre que pueden ayudar a tratar daños en la médula espinal'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0xhFQ1oUsG0/Tqw1zDif5gI/AAAAAAAAATc/24Hh7U3_fBg/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-423886833706664601</id><published>2011-10-25T15:13:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-25T15:19:20.776-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='MARCADORES TUMORALES'/><title type='text'>Use of Tumor Markers in Liver, Bladder, Cervical, and Gastric Cancers</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="width:477px" id="__ss_9878734"&gt; &lt;strong style="display:block;margin:12px 0 4px"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma/use-of-tumor-markers-in-liver-bladder-cervical-and-gastric-cancers" title="Use of Tumor Markers in Liver, Bladder, Cervical, and Gastric Cancers" target="_blank"&gt;Use of Tumor Markers in Liver, Bladder, Cervical, and Gastric Cancers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;iframe src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/9878734" width="477" height="510" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt; &lt;div style="padding:5px 0 12px"&gt; View more &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/" target="_blank"&gt;documents&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma" target="_blank"&gt;Hector Marrufo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Copyright © 2010 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-423886833706664601?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/423886833706664601/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/use-of-tumor-markers-in-liver-bladder.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/423886833706664601'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/423886833706664601'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/use-of-tumor-markers-in-liver-bladder.html' title='Use of Tumor Markers in Liver, Bladder, Cervical, and Gastric Cancers'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7201126725243528780</id><published>2011-10-25T15:03:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-25T15:04:31.672-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APREDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS (CASO CLINICO)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;One month male child presented with history of spontaneous ecchymosis following intramusculo injection for past 10 days. This baby was born premature in village and was delivered by village dai. Baby was in breast fed. There was no history of fever joint swelling, hematuria or prolonged bleeding from umbilical stump during first week of life. Examination revealed only ecchymotic patches, while rest of examination, was essentially normal.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Investigations&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• Hb: 11.9 g/dl&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• TLC: 12000/ ul&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Plt: 2.3 lakhs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• PT: 20”/13”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• APTT: 40”/30”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• CS: Normal&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• Injection vitamin K 2mg IV given&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• Repeat PT, APTT after 72 hr of vitamin K&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;PT 14”/13”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;APTT: 33”/30”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7201126725243528780?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7201126725243528780/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/apredizaje-basado-en-problemas-caso_25.html#comment-form' title='7 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7201126725243528780'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7201126725243528780'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/apredizaje-basado-en-problemas-caso_25.html' title='APREDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS (CASO CLINICO)'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-3248877434368102853</id><published>2011-10-24T14:51:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-24T14:57:15.245-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Elevated hormone levels add up to increased breast cancer risk, research finds</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-R2mHjEKeaJs/TqXCUNFSuHI/AAAAAAAAATE/azQlfSONr7E/s1600/cancer-de-mama1.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 218px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-R2mHjEKeaJs/TqXCUNFSuHI/AAAAAAAAATE/azQlfSONr7E/s320/cancer-de-mama1.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5667149358480668786" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: medium; "&gt;Post-menopausal women with high levels of hormones such as estrogen or testosterone are known to have a higher risk of breast cancer. New research published in BioMed Central's open access journal &lt;em&gt;Breast Cancer Research&lt;/em&gt; looked at eight different sex and growth hormones and found that the risk of breast cancer increased with the number of elevated hormones -- each additional elevated hormone level increased risk by 16%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Researchers from the Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School used blood samples collected from nurses up to nine years before health information, including their breast cancer status, was recorded. Post-menopausal women who were diagnosed with breast cancer were matched to two controls of a similar age.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;The highest levels of circulating estrogens (estrone and estrogen), prolactin, and androgens (testosterone, androstenedione, DHEA, or DHEA-sulfate) were individually associated with between 50 and 200% increase in breast cancer risk. The number of different hormones elevated above normal further increased risk, so that women with one elevated hormone had an increased risk of 10% (compared to normal levels), but the risk for women with five or six elevated hormone levels was doubled, and that for women with seven or eight was tripled. All these risks were slightly higher for women with ER positive disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Dr Shelley Tworoger, from Brigham and Women's Hospital, commented that "Elevated estrogens had the biggest effect on risk, especially for ER positive cancer. However, androgens, and prolactin also contribute to increasing risk of breast cancer. These hormones are known to stimulate the growth of breast cancer cells in the lab and, while androgens can be converted to estrogen in the body, these hormones have also been found to stimulate cancer cell growth in the absence of ER. Our results suggest that models used to assess breast cancer risk could be improved by taking into account multiple sex hormone and growth hormone levels."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;BioMed Central. "Elevated hormone levels add up to increased breast cancer risk, research finds." &lt;em&gt;ScienceDaily&lt;/em&gt;, 21 Oct. 2011. Web. 24 Oct. 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-3248877434368102853?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/3248877434368102853/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/elevated-hormone-levels-add-up-to_4587.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3248877434368102853'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3248877434368102853'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/elevated-hormone-levels-add-up-to_4587.html' title='Elevated hormone levels add up to increased breast cancer risk, research finds'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-R2mHjEKeaJs/TqXCUNFSuHI/AAAAAAAAATE/azQlfSONr7E/s72-c/cancer-de-mama1.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-67461319515472955</id><published>2011-10-21T12:31:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-21T12:32:09.723-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Paciente de 27 años, con síndrome nefrótico por amiloidosis renal secundaria a Enfermedad de Crohn, remitido a urgencias por malestar general, vómitos y diarrea de 10 días de evolución. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;El paciente mantenía hasta este cuadro función renal estable con Crs: 2-2 5 mg/dL, y mantenía tratamiento crónico con esteroides. 10 días antes de su ingreso el paciente comenzó con síndrome febril y diarrea sanguinolenta (6-7 deposiciones/día), y vómitos ocasionales. A su llegada urgencias el paciente estaba en muy mala situación clínica. Respiración de Kussmaul, mal perfundido y signos de deshidratación. TA: 90/60. Frecuencia: 130 lpm. Intensa palidez cutáneo-mucosa. Hábito asténico. El resto de la exploración física fue anodina &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Las exploraciones complementarias reflejaron:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 21px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: ''; "&gt;&lt;blockquote style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 21px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: ''; "&gt;&lt;ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; "&gt;&lt;li style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Hcto: 16, Hgb: 5.7, VCM: 87,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Plaquetas: 599.000, Leucocitos: 43.600 (936N, 3L, 1M);&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Crs: 9 mg/dL, Urea: 246 mg/dL, Na: 137 mEq/L, K: 9 mEq/L, Cl: 120 mEq/L,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Proteínas totales: 3.7 g/dL, Calcio: 7.2 mg/dL.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;pH: 7.13, pCO2: 12, HCO3: 4.1, pO2: 92 mm Hg.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;PREGUNTAS:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 21px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: ''; "&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;1.-&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Cuál es el trastorno ácido-base? ¿Es adecuada la compensación? ¿Cuáles son las causas más probables del cuadro? ¿Por qué el anión GAP es normal?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;2.-&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Como considera de grave el cuadro clínico?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;3.-&lt;/strong&gt; ¿Cuáles serían las primeras medidas terapéuticas a adoptar?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-67461319515472955?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/67461319515472955/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/aprendizaje-basado-en-problemas_21.html#comment-form' title='7 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/67461319515472955'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/67461319515472955'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/aprendizaje-basado-en-problemas_21.html' title='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-4889179527125727150</id><published>2011-10-19T12:00:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-19T12:13:16.519-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>DIA MUNDIAL CONTRA EL  CANCER DE MAMA</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-yHpY82z6_Ow/Tp8CxQThRgI/AAAAAAAAAS4/EmFHfLPgHwo/s1600/C_2_maincontent_28514_largeimage-1.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 301px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-yHpY82z6_Ow/Tp8CxQThRgI/AAAAAAAAAS4/EmFHfLPgHwo/s400/C_2_maincontent_28514_largeimage-1.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5665249901469058562" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;CREAR CONCIENCIA Y EDUCAR..........................&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;DIA MUNDIAL DE LA PREVENCION DE CANCER DE MAMA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-4889179527125727150?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/4889179527125727150/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/dia-mundial-contra-el-cancer-de-mama.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4889179527125727150'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4889179527125727150'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/dia-mundial-contra-el-cancer-de-mama.html' title='DIA MUNDIAL CONTRA EL  CANCER DE MAMA'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-yHpY82z6_Ow/Tp8CxQThRgI/AAAAAAAAAS4/EmFHfLPgHwo/s72-c/C_2_maincontent_28514_largeimage-1.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-6470582230759198522</id><published>2011-10-18T23:35:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-19T01:22:22.282-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Skin's Immune Peacekeepers Discovered</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0juWHNYKsAA/Tp5WAlzwwJI/AAAAAAAAASs/hlzF7e6x1Nc/s1600/111017155616.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 196px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0juWHNYKsAA/Tp5WAlzwwJI/AAAAAAAAASs/hlzF7e6x1Nc/s200/111017155616.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5665059949427867794" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: black; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; " &gt;There are more bacteria living on our skin and in our gut than cells in our body. We need them. But until now no one knew how the immune system could tell that these bacteria are harmless. Centenary Institute researchers in Sydney have discovered a set of peacekeepers -- immune cells in the outer layers of our skin that stop us from attacking friendly bacteria.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;The work will open the way to new therapeutic options for immune-mediated diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, of which Australia has some of the world's highest rates.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;In a paper published October 17 in the&lt;span class="apple-converted-space"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;"&gt;Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span class="apple-converted-space"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(PNAS), Professor Barbara Fazekas de St Groth and her team have shown that the immune cells in the outer layer of the skin constantly act as peacekeepers to stop the immune system from reacting the way it normally would. Known as Langerhans cells, they resisted every attempt by the researchers to get them to generate an immune response.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;The researchers worked with a group of mice in which only the Langerhans cells could stimulate the immune system. They then activated the Langerhans cells and measured the response.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;"No matter what we threw at them to get them to activate a long-term immune response, the Langerhans cells always induced immune tolerance," Prof Fazekas says.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;This result seems to go against the prevailing wisdom in immunology about the workings of dendritic cells, the class of immune cell to which Langerhans cells belong.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Dendritic cells engulf bacteria, viruses or other invaders and put a marker from that invader, known as an antigen, on a protein that can bind to other immune cells.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;The antigen reprograms passing T cells, the workhorses of the immune system, which then set off a cascade of responses that eventually lead to the destruction of anything displaying that antigen.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;However, the Centenary team (which is affiliated with the University of Sydney and RPA Hospital) found Langerhans cells are very different from other dendritic cells: after turning on the helper T cells, they tell them to self-destruct instead.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;"This is the opposite of what you'd usually expect. In previous studies of immune cells, if there was a flurry of activity, we assumed it was the start of a long-term immune response," Prof Fazekas says.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;However, the immune system is a layered defence¬ -- the next layer of skin has different kinds of dendritic cells, which program on-going responses against bacteria. So if bacteria penetrate deep enough to meet these cells, the immune response will kill them.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;In inflammatory bowel disease, which afflicts thousands of Australians, the immune system is activated against the gut bacteria, which are usually left alone.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;This discovery opens up possible ways to figure out why this disorder occurs and to find treatments to a range of diseases of the immune system.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;"There is so much we don't know about the immune system, but sometimes just mimicking what the system does, like we do with vaccines, can work very well" Prof Fazekas says,&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;"If we do manage to mimic what Langerhans cells do, then we could develop treatments that would precisely tolerise against specific antigens -- just like the immune system of the skin does now."&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;Centenary Institute executive director Professor Mathew Vadas says this latest paper comes just weeks after Centenary researcher Patrick Bertolino made the front cover of PNAS for his paper on immune response in the liver.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;"The Centenary Institute is interested in understanding how the immune system works -- these discoveries and others already in the pipeline here are a major step forward towards that goal," Prof Vadas says.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:11.25pt"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;color:black; background:white;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;Centenary Institute. "Skin's immune peacekeepers discovered." &lt;em&gt;ScienceDaily&lt;/em&gt;, 17 Oct. 2011. Web. 18 Oct. 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-6470582230759198522?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/6470582230759198522/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/skins-immune-peacekeepers-discovered.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6470582230759198522'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6470582230759198522'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/skins-immune-peacekeepers-discovered.html' title='Skin&apos;s Immune Peacekeepers Discovered'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0juWHNYKsAA/Tp5WAlzwwJI/AAAAAAAAASs/hlzF7e6x1Nc/s72-c/111017155616.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-1322742159353499774</id><published>2011-10-18T22:55:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-18T23:09:20.482-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>CASOS MUNDIALES DE TUBERCULOSIS DISMINUYEN POR PRIMERA VEZ: OMS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rxNnYuIRHqs/Tp5MezNLo6I/AAAAAAAAASU/O9U4crxZPNk/s1600/TB_Smear%2B%25281%2529.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 129px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rxNnYuIRHqs/Tp5MezNLo6I/AAAAAAAAASU/O9U4crxZPNk/s200/TB_Smear%2B%25281%2529.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5665049473303946146" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;La cantidad de personas que enfermaron con tuberculosis disminuyó el año pasado por primera vez y la tasa de muertes por la enfermedad alcanzó su nivel mínimo en una década, informó la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;En el 2010, 8,8 millones de personas enfermaron con tuberculosis (TB) y 1,4 millones murieron, lo que marca una notable reducción con respecto al año previo, indicó la agencia de salud de Naciones Unidas en su Informe Global sobre Control de Tuberculosis, publicado el martes. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;"Este es un avance importante. Pero no es motivo de autocomplacencia", señaló en un comunicado el secretario general de la ONU, Ban Ki-moon.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;"Demasiados millones (de personas) aún desarrollan TB cada año y demasiados mueren. Insto a un apoyo serio y sostenido para la prevención y atención de la TB, especialmente para las personas más pobres y más vulnerables del mundo", añadió.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Alrededor de un tercio de la población mundial está infectada con la bacteria de la TB, pero sólo una pequeña porción desarrolla la enfermedad.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;El número de personas infectadas con TB alcanzó un pico en el 2005, cuando 9 millones enfermaron. La tasa de muertes tocó un máximo de 1,8 millones en el 2003, según la OMS.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;La bacteria de la TB destruye el tejido pulmonar de los pacientes, quienes al toser esparcen la bacteria en el aire y pueden provocar que otros se infecten al inhalarla. Si permanece sin tratar, un paciente con TB activa puede infectar a un promedio de 10 a 15 personas por año.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;La tuberculosis es especialmente común en Latinoamérica y el Caribe, Africa, Asia, Europa oriental y Rusia.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;"En muchos países, el fuerte liderazgo y la financiación doméstica, junto con un respaldo robusto de donantes, comenzó a hacer una diferencia en la lucha contra la TB", resaltó la directora de la OMS, Margaret Chan, en un comunicado.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Los países que la OMS destacó por sus avances en la lucha contra la enfermedad fueron Kenia, la República de Tanzania, Brasil y China.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Sólo en China, la tasa de muertes por TB se redujo casi un 80 por ciento, a 55.000 personas, entre 1990 y el 2010.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;A nivel global, la tasa de muertes disminuyó un 40 por ciento en el 2010, comparado con 1990, y todas las regiones -excepto Africa- están camino a lograr un 50 por ciento de descenso en la mortalidad para el 2015.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Reuters Health&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-1322742159353499774?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/1322742159353499774/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/casos-mundiales-de-tuberculosis.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1322742159353499774'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1322742159353499774'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/casos-mundiales-de-tuberculosis.html' title='CASOS MUNDIALES DE TUBERCULOSIS DISMINUYEN POR PRIMERA VEZ: OMS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rxNnYuIRHqs/Tp5MezNLo6I/AAAAAAAAASU/O9U4crxZPNk/s72-c/TB_Smear%2B%25281%2529.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7818057389318082456</id><published>2011-10-18T21:01:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-18T22:33:11.292-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='LABORATORIO ENFERMEDADES MUSCULO ESQUELETICAS'/><title type='text'>LABORATORIO EN ENFERMEDADES MUSCULO ESQUELETICAS</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-H1qZpuX1RTc/Tp4xqHhacQI/AAAAAAAAASI/KK65he7HuVU/s1600/Dibujo.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 229px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-H1qZpuX1RTc/Tp4xqHhacQI/AAAAAAAAASI/KK65he7HuVU/s320/Dibujo.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5665019980922122498" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;CLASE MODULO MUSCULO ESQUELETICO OCT 2011&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.4shared.com/document/JArHHc7B/LAB_ENZIMAS_MUSCULO_ESQUELETIC.html"&gt;DESCARGAR ARCHIVO DAR CLICK AQUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7818057389318082456?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7818057389318082456/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/laboratorio-en-enfermedades-musculo.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7818057389318082456'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7818057389318082456'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/laboratorio-en-enfermedades-musculo.html' title='LABORATORIO EN ENFERMEDADES MUSCULO ESQUELETICAS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-H1qZpuX1RTc/Tp4xqHhacQI/AAAAAAAAASI/KK65he7HuVU/s72-c/Dibujo.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-9027646687689268177</id><published>2011-10-11T20:08:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-11T20:09:51.000-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;small&gt;45 year old  w/m,  in coma. Patient has been on nasogastric suction for the last 30 days.&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;center&gt;&lt;table border="1" width="50%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FIO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FIO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; 28%&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pH&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;7.62&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;pCO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;61&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;paO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;91&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bicarb&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;38&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; sat&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;95%&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carboxyhemoglobin&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width="50%" valign="middle" bgcolor="#EBEBEB"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0%&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;What is the acid base disturbance?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 13px; "&gt;List possible causes?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 13px; "&gt;How do you compensate for metabolic alkalosis?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-9027646687689268177?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/9027646687689268177/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/aprendizaje-basado-en-problemas.html#comment-form' title='8 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/9027646687689268177'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/9027646687689268177'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/aprendizaje-basado-en-problemas.html' title='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>8</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-8848747903409714162</id><published>2011-10-10T12:03:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-10T12:08:39.201-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Los niños diabéticos que miran más TV controlan mal su glucosa</title><content type='html'>&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 134px; height: 200px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-YLVGorR5Bk8/TpMlxk6O8WI/AAAAAAAAAR0/kakIrvuQezU/s200/diabetes_ni%25C3%25B1o.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5661910690186588514" /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 19px;"&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;NUEVA YORK (Reuters Health) - Un nuevo estudio sugiere que los niños con diabetes tipo 1 que pasan muchas horas por día frente al televisor o la computadora no controlarían adecuadamente el nivel de azúcar en sangre.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Se desconoce la causa de esta relación y los resultados no prueban que el tiempo frente a una pantalla empeore el control de la diabetes. Pero el estudio halló también que factores como la obesidad, el ejercicio y el ingreso familiar no explicaban la asociación.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;En un grupo de 296 niños, adolescentes y adultos jóvenes con diabetes tipo 1, los que pasaban cuatro o más horas por día frente a la televisión o la computadora tenían niveles de hemoglobina A1C más alto que el resto: un 9,3 frente a un 8,5 por ciento.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;La hemoglobina A1C es un indicador del control de la glucosa en los últimos meses. Los expertos recomiendan que los adultos mantengan los niveles de A1C por debajo del 7 por ciento, mientras que en los niños y los adolescentes el límite es del 8,5 por ciento y disminuye con la edad.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Esto es para reducir el riesgo de sufrir complicaciones diabéticas, que van desde enfermedad cardíaca hasta renal o visual.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Se desconoce por qué la cantidad de horas frente a una pantalla estuvo asociada con el control de la glucosa en sangre, comentó el equipo de la doctora Angela Galler, de la Universidad de Berlín, en Alemania.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Es posible que los niños que pasan más horas frente al televisor o la computadora coman más golosinas o "snacks".&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Las personas con diabetes tipo 1 se inyectan insulina, en general cerca de cada comida, para controlar los niveles de azúcar en sangre.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Y aunque comer snacks podría ser una causa, el estudio no prueba que el tiempo frente a una pantalla altere ese control, según opinó el doctor Sanjeev Mehta, del Centro de Diabetes Joslin y de la Escuela de Medicina de Harvard, en Boston.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Una limitación del estudio es que determinó el tiempo de exposición a la televisión o la computadora y el control de la glucosa en un solo momento. Otra, dijo a Reuters Health, es la falta de información sobre la dieta de los participantes.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;"Lo importante para los padres, es que el estilo de vida influye y es un factor de riesgo modificable en la vida de sus hijos", dijo Mehta, que no participó del estudio.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;En la investigación, el nivel de actividad física de los participantes no estuvo asociado con el control de la glucosa en sangre.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Mehta explicó que esa relación es compleja, ya que la respuesta del organismo al ejercicio varía ampliamente, según la persona y la intensidad del ejercicio. De modo que la actividad física puede o no mejorar el nivel de hemoglobina A1C.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;A pesar de eso, Mehta señaló: "El ejercicio proporciona grandes beneficios, que alcanzan a la salud cardiovascular general y la calidad de vida de los niños".&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;FUENTE: Diabetes Care, online 16 de septiembre del 2011&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: justify;line-height:normal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;color:#333333;background:white; mso-fareast-language:ES-MX"&gt;Reuters Health&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-8848747903409714162?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/8848747903409714162/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/los-ninos-diabeticos-que-miran-mas-tv.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8848747903409714162'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8848747903409714162'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/los-ninos-diabeticos-que-miran-mas-tv.html' title='Los niños diabéticos que miran más TV controlan mal su glucosa'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-YLVGorR5Bk8/TpMlxk6O8WI/AAAAAAAAAR0/kakIrvuQezU/s72-c/diabetes_ni%25C3%25B1o.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-6029267253599492127</id><published>2011-10-07T09:26:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-10-07T09:29:08.801-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APREDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS (CASO CLINICO)</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 238); font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;span &gt; 67 year old man presented with a one day history of diarrhoea, vomiting and lethargy. He was confused. He was on glibenclamide and phenformin for non-insulin dependent diabetes. (The phenformin had been obtained in China). There was no history of renal or hepatic disease or of alcohol use. His respiratory rate was 22 breaths per minute. Examination was otherwise unremarkable. Plasma glucose was 0.5 mmol/l. He became alert after receiving 100 mls of 50% dextrose IV.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;span &gt;Initial pathology: Na&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt; 144, K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt; 3.9, Cl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;span &gt; 112, creatinine 0.14, lactate 24.6 mmol/l.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;center&gt;&lt;table border="1" width="50%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; "&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="top" bg&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span  &gt;Arterial Blood Gases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bg&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span  &gt;pH 6.91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bg&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;span &gt;pCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt; 23.6mmHg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bg&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;span &gt;pO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt;  ?? mmHg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bg&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span &gt;&lt;span &gt;HCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span &gt;  6 mmol/l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;center&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 238); "&gt;&lt;p align="JUSTIFY" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;span   &gt;Initial clinical assessment (on the first gas results):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 238); font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;span   &gt;Finally, the Clinical Diagnosis:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-6029267253599492127?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/6029267253599492127/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/apredizaje-basado-en-problemas-caso.html#comment-form' title='8 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6029267253599492127'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6029267253599492127'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/10/apredizaje-basado-en-problemas-caso.html' title='APREDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS (CASO CLINICO)'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>8</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-4042176863561833091</id><published>2011-09-30T10:35:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-30T10:40:34.745-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Una vacuna antisida probada en 30 individuos logra una respuesta inmune del 90%</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--ZCpt88mgVA/ToXiS_p_a-I/AAAAAAAAARk/7S6NUbAFv6s/s1600/imagen%2Bvih.JPG" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 192px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--ZCpt88mgVA/ToXiS_p_a-I/AAAAAAAAARk/7S6NUbAFv6s/s200/imagen%2Bvih.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5658177322813975522" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;El éxito del tratamiento, patentado por el CSIC, radica en que el sistema inmunológico queda 'entrenado' para luchar contra las partículas del virus y las células infectadas de forma duradera.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; "&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Un ensayo clínico en fase I ha demostrado la eficacia inmunitaria del candidato MVA-B a vacuna preventiva contra el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). El 90% de los voluntarios sometidos al compuesto, elaborado y patentado por el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), ha desarrollado una respuesta inmune al virus y el 85% de ellos la ha mantenido durante, al menos, un año. Su seguridad y eficacia son descritas en sendos artículos en las revistas&lt;em&gt;Vaccine&lt;/em&gt; y &lt;em&gt;Journal of Virology.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;En 2008, la MVA-B se reveló eficaz en ratones y macacos frente al virus de la inmunodeficiencia del simio (SIV), un hallazgo que motivó la ejecución del ensayo clínico en 30 voluntarios sanos, dirigido por el Hospital Clínic de Barcelona y en el que también participó el Gregorio Marañón de Madrid. La respuesta inmunológica obtenida en humanos abre la puerta a otro ensayo clínico en fase I con voluntarios infectados por el VIH; en este ocasión, para comprobar su eficacia como vacuna terapéutica.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;El éxito del tratamiento se basa en que el sistema inmunológico queda 'entrenado' para responder a las partículas del virus y células infectadas de forma duradera. El investigador en el Centro Nacional de Biotecnología del CSIC Mariano Esteban, responsable del desarrollo del compuesto, explica que “MVA-B ha demostrado ser tan o más potente que las vacunas actualmente en estudio”.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;En lo relativo a la seguridad de MVA-B, “los efectos secundarios que se han producido son los que cabe esperar en cualquier tipo de vacunación, principalmente de tipo local en la zona de inyección”, asegura el responsable del equipo del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, el doctor Juan Carlos López Bernaldo de Quirós. Y añade: “No ha existido ningún efecto adverso que haya comprometido la salud de los voluntarios”.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;“Los resultados deben ser tomados con cautela, ya que el tratamiento sólo se ha probado en 30 voluntarios y, aunque estimula una respuesta potente en la mayoría de los casos, es pronto para predecir si las defensas inducidas prevendrán la infección”, matiza el doctor responsable del equipo de investigación del Clínic, Felipe García.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El origen del candidato&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;En 1999, el equipo de investigación de Esteban comenzó a trabajar en el desarrollo y preclínica de MVA-B, que recibe su nombre de su composición a partir del virus Vaccinia Modificado de Ankara (MVA). Se trata de un virus atenuado que se usó para erradicar la viruela y que sirve de modelo en la investigación de múltiples vacunas. La B procede del subtipo de VIH al que pretende combatir, el más prevalente en Europa.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;El desarrollo de la MVA-B se basa en la introducción de cuatro genes del VIH (Gag, Pol, Nef y Env) en la secuencia genética de vaccinia. Un sistema inmunitario sano reacciona frente al MVA, y los genes de VIH insertados en su ADN no son capaces de infectar a seres humanos, lo que garantiza la seguridad del ensayo clínico.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Un total de 24 voluntarios recibió el tratamiento con MVA-B, mientras que los otros seis recibieron un placebo, según un proceso de doble ciego. La vacuna se administró en tres dosis por vía intramuscular en las semanas 0, 4 y 16, desde el inicio, y sus efectos se evaluaron en sangre periférica hasta la semana 48, cuando concluyó el ensayo.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'Fotografía del sospechoso'&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;La inoculación de la vacuna en un voluntario sano pretende entrenar su sistema inmunológico para detectar y combatir esos componentes del virus. Según Esteban, “es como si le enseñáramos una foto del VIH para que sea capaz de reconocerlo si se lo encuentra en el futuro”.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Las células principales de este experimento, los linfocitos T y B, vendrián a ser los centinelas encargados de detectar las sustancias extrañas que se introducen en el organismo y enviar la alarma para su destrucción. “Nuestro organismo está repleto de linfocitos, cada uno programado para luchar contra un patógeno diferente”, comenta Esteban. Por ello, “es necesario someterlos a un entrenamiento cuando se trata de un patógeno al que no pueden vencer de forma natural, como es el VIH”, añade.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Los linfocitos B son los responsables de la respuesta inmunológica humoral, cuya producción de anticuerpos actúa sobre las partículas del VIH antes de que penetren e infecten una célula. Se anclan a su estructura superficial y la bloquean. Los análisis de sangre en la semana 48 del tratamiento revelan que el 72,7% de los voluntarios tratados mantienen anticuerpos específicos contra el VIH.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Por su parte, los linfocitos T controlan la respuesta inmunológica celular, encargada de detectar y destruir a las células infectadas con VIH. Para comprobar su respuesta defensiva frente a la vacuna, se midió su producción de la proteína inmunitaria interferón gamma. Los análisis realizados en la semana 48 del tratamiento, 32 semanas después de la última inoculación de la vacuna, revelan que dicha producción por parte de los linfocitos T CD4+ y CD8+ del grupo vacunado es del 38,5% y 69,2% respectivamente, frente al 0% del grupo control.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Acción en varios frentes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;A parte del interferón gamma, la presencia de un patógeno en el organismo produce otras proteínas inmunitarias (citoquinas y quimiocinas), cada una de las cuales tiende a atacar al enemigo por un frente distinto. Cuando la acción defensiva de los linfocitos T es capaz de generar varias de estas proteínas, dicha acción es conocida como polifuncional. El investigador del CSIC, Mariano Esteban, destaca: “La importancia de la polifuncionalidad radica en la capacidad de los patógenos para desarrollar resistencia a los ataques del sistema inmunitario; a mayor polifuncionalidad, menor resistencia”.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;El espectro defensivo de acción de los linfocitos T sometidos a la vacuna se midió en función de su producción de otras tres proteínas inmunitarias. Los resultados indican que la vacuna genera hasta 15 tipos de poblaciones diferentes de linfocitos T CD4+ y CD8+. De ellas, el 25% de las CD4+ y el 45% de las CD8+ son capaces de producir dos o más proteínas inmunitarias diferentes, lo que demuestra su polifuncionalidad.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;strong&gt;'Veteranos de guerra'&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Para que una vacuna sea verdaderamente efectiva, aparte de fortalecer la capacidad defensiva del sistema inmunitario, ha de generar en él una respuesta duradera contra futuros ataques. Para ello, el organismo debe ser capaz de mantener un nivel básico de linfocitos T de memoria. Dichos linfocitos, generados a raíz de un primer ataque por parte de un patógeno, vienen a ser 'soldados veteranos' que pueden circular durante años por el organismo preparados para responder ante una nueva incursión del enemigo.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Los análisis en los individuos vacunados en la semana 48 revelan que más del 50% de los linfocitos T CD4+ y CD8+ eran de efecto memoria. Este dato concuerda con el 85% de los pacientes que mantuvo su respuesta inmunitaria en este punto del ensayo.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Esteban asegura: “El perfil inmunitario de MVA-B satisface, en principio, los requerimientos de una prometedora vacuna contra el VIH, como inducción de anticuerpos y activación de las células clave en defensa contra patógenos como son los linfocitos T CD4 y CD8”. Así, la respuesta inmune inducida por la vacuna podría mantener controlada la infección, ya que “si el virus penetra en el organismo e intenta expresarse en una célula, el sistema inmunitario estará preparado para inactivar el virus y destruir la célula infectada”, añade. Según el investigador del CSIC, “para poder comercializarse, el cóctel genético debe superar aún todas las pruebas de futuros ensayos clínicos en fase II y III”.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;a href="http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/JVI.05165-11v1?maxtoshow=&amp;amp;hits=10&amp;amp;RESULTFORMAT=&amp;amp;fulltext=The+HIV%2FADS+Vaccine+Candidate+MVA-B+Administered+&amp;amp;searchid=1&amp;amp;FIRSTINDEX=0&amp;amp;resourcetype=HWCIT" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;Journal of Virology (2011); doi:10.1128/JVI.05165-11 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X11013685" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;Vaccine (2011); doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.098&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;JANO.es · 28 Septiembre 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; "&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-4042176863561833091?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/4042176863561833091/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/una-vacuna-antisida-probada-en-30.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4042176863561833091'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4042176863561833091'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/una-vacuna-antisida-probada-en-30.html' title='Una vacuna antisida probada en 30 individuos logra una respuesta inmune del 90%'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--ZCpt88mgVA/ToXiS_p_a-I/AAAAAAAAARk/7S6NUbAFv6s/s72-c/imagen%2Bvih.JPG' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-6311703104499234760</id><published>2011-09-30T10:20:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-30T11:12:29.949-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Overweight Mothers Increase Asthma Risk for Their Children, Study Finds</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-apmT-9aC8G8/ToXeaQZ_tgI/AAAAAAAAARc/KO5WTs91xLU/s1600/images.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 116px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-apmT-9aC8G8/ToXeaQZ_tgI/AAAAAAAAARc/KO5WTs91xLU/s200/images.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5658173049522861570" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;span class="date" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-style: italic; "&gt;ScienceDaily (Sep. 29, 2011)&lt;/span&gt; — The children of mothers who overweight or obese when they become pregnant are more likely to have asthma or wheezing as teenagers, according to a team of researchers including Swatee Patel from the University of Greenwich&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;A study published in the &lt;em&gt;Journal of Epidemiology &amp;amp; Community Health &lt;/em&gt;found that there was an increased risk of 20 to 30 per cent, compared with women who have a healthy pre-pregnancy weight&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Swatee Patel, Principal Lecturer in Statistics in the University of Greenwich's School of Health &amp;amp; Social Care, analysed data from almost 7,000 15 and 16-year-olds born in northern Finland.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;The study also suggested that the heavier the women, the greater the risk of wheezing and asthma-like symptoms. Those with a history of allergies also have a much higher risk of their children having chest problems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Swatee Patel says: "Our research has shown that overweight or obese women, who become pregnant are more likely to have children who suffer from asthma or wheeze in their teenage years. The heaviest mothers were 47 per cent more likely to have children with severe wheezing compared to normal weight mothers. Our findings suggest that being overweight may interfere with normal fetal development as a result of disrupted metabolic or hormonal activity. This could partly contribute towards the rising rates of chronic asthma suffered by children. These new findings add to a long list of damaging effects of obesity, not only in the mothers but in their children."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;The mothers were questioned when they were 12 weeks pregnant about their lifestyle, social background, and educational achievements. Medical data on height and weight before pregnancy was also examined.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;The study was carried out with colleagues from Imperial College London, and institutions in Finland including the National Public Health Institute, University of Oulu and the University Hospital of Oulu.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;University of Greenwich. "Overweight mothers increase asthma risk for their children, study finds." &lt;em&gt;ScienceDaily&lt;/em&gt;, 29 Sep. 2011. Web. 30 Sep. 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-6311703104499234760?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/6311703104499234760/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/overweight-mothers-increase-asthma-risk.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6311703104499234760'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6311703104499234760'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/overweight-mothers-increase-asthma-risk.html' title='Overweight Mothers Increase Asthma Risk for Their Children, Study Finds'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-apmT-9aC8G8/ToXeaQZ_tgI/AAAAAAAAARc/KO5WTs91xLU/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5140181045439930203</id><published>2011-09-21T14:33:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-21T14:35:27.617-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='OBESIDAD'/><title type='text'>INFLAMMATORY CONCEPTS OF OBESITY</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;&lt;object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" style="width:420px;height:277px" id="2b89f22c-42d1-7597-59dc-f126c58c7ed7"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://static.issuu.com/webembed/viewers/style1/v2/IssuuReader.swf?mode=mini&amp;amp;backgroundColor=%23222222&amp;amp;documentId=110921193031-27a82aa718ff4dd3ab7fc8c9e7214444"&gt;&lt;param name="allowfullscreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="menu" value="false"&gt;&lt;param name="wmode" value="transparent"&gt;&lt;embed src="http://static.issuu.com/webembed/viewers/style1/v2/IssuuReader.swf" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" menu="false" wmode="transparent" style="width:420px;height:277px" flashvars="mode=mini&amp;amp;backgroundColor=%23222222&amp;amp;documentId=110921193031-27a82aa718ff4dd3ab7fc8c9e7214444"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div style="width:420px;text-align:left;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://issuu.com/drecma/docs/inflammatory_concepts_of_obesity?mode=window&amp;amp;backgroundColor=%23222222" target="_blank"&gt;Open publication&lt;/a&gt; - Free &lt;a href="http://issuu.com" target="_blank"&gt;publishing&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://issuu.com/search?q=inflamacion" target="_blank"&gt;More inflamacion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5140181045439930203?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5140181045439930203/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/inflammatory-concepts-of-obesity.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5140181045439930203'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5140181045439930203'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/inflammatory-concepts-of-obesity.html' title='INFLAMMATORY CONCEPTS OF OBESITY'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-8600572163006363597</id><published>2011-09-21T13:19:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-21T13:38:33.527-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PODCAST'/><title type='text'>PODCAST DIABETES: ADVANCES AND CONTROVERSIE</title><content type='html'>PODCAST  &lt;div&gt;Diabetes: Advances and Controversie&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(64, 56, 56); font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;a target="_top" href="http://www.clinchem.org/" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); "&gt;&lt;i&gt;Clinical Chemistry&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; 57: 147-149, 2011. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(64, 56, 56); font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: 700; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;nobr&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: inherit;"&gt;David B. Sacks&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 0px;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nobr&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: inherit;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;nobr style="font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; "&gt;Vivian Fonseca&lt;/nobr&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(64, 56, 56); font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: 700; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;nobr style="font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/nobr&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.4shared.com/audio/4yTV9aLd/ClinChem201102_Sacks-Fonseca.html"&gt;DESCARGAR PODCAST (CLICK AQUI)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-8600572163006363597?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/8600572163006363597/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/podcast-diabetes-advances-and.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8600572163006363597'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8600572163006363597'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/podcast-diabetes-advances-and.html' title='PODCAST DIABETES: ADVANCES AND CONTROVERSIE'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-3022141115017269205</id><published>2011-09-15T15:06:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-15T15:08:51.347-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Preschoolers' Grasp of Numbers Predicts Math Performance in School Years; Early Number Sense Linked to Elementary Math Scores</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-CK3jTaCtKCw/TnJbAKoLmVI/AAAAAAAAARU/uvN0wEoZBJE/s1600/110914171751.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 133px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-CK3jTaCtKCw/TnJbAKoLmVI/AAAAAAAAARU/uvN0wEoZBJE/s200/110914171751.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5652680540714408274" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;span class="date" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-style: italic; "&gt;ScienceDaily (Sep. 14, 2011)&lt;/span&gt; — A new study published in the online journal &lt;em&gt;PLoS ONE&lt;/em&gt; reports that the precision with which preschoolers estimate quantities, prior to any formal education in mathematics, predicts their mathematics ability in elementary school, according to research from the Kennedy Krieger Institute.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Humans have an intuitive sense of number that allows them, for example, to readily identify which of two containers has more objects without counting. This ability is present at birth, and gradually improves throughout childhood. Although it's easier to compare quantities if the amounts differ greatly (such as 30 versus 15 objects), greater precision is needed when comparing items that are much closer in number. When this ability is measured during the school age years, it correlates with mathematics achievement. However, it has been unclear until now whether this intuitive ability actually serves as a foundation for school-age math abilities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Results of the new study show that children's ability to make numerical estimates in preschool predicted their performance on mathematical tests taken in elementary school, more than two years later. The relationship appeared to be specific to math ability, because preschool number skills did not predict other abilities, such as expressive vocabulary or the ability to quickly name objects like letters or numbers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"Children vary widely in both their numerical and non-numerical cognitive abilities at all ages," said Dr. Michele Mazzocco, Director of the Math Skills Development Project at Kennedy Krieger Institute and lead author of the study. "Based on earlier data showing a relationship between intuitive number skills and formal mathematics, we were interested to learn whether numerical skills measured prior to schooling predict the level of mathematics skills children demonstrate years later, in a formal educational setting."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Mazzocco, along with researchers Lisa Feigenson and Justin Halberda of Johns Hopkins University, examined the performance of 17 children (7 girls, 10 boys) who had taken part in an earlier study of numerical abilities as preschoolers. At ages three and four, the children had been asked to judge which of two sets of objects, such as blue or red crayons, had more items. In this new study, researchers measured the same children's math abilities more than two years later using a standardized mathematics assessment that involved a wide range of skills like counting, reading and writing numbers, and simple arithmetic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"It was striking to find evidence that basic number abilities at such a young age may play a role in formal math achievement," said Mazzocco. "But additional studies are needed to determine whether these skills are malleable at an early age, how they contribute to math achievement and if they are related to other known influences on math performance."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;Kennedy Krieger Institute. "Preschoolers' grasp of numbers predicts math performance in school years; Early number sense linked to elementary math scores." &lt;em&gt;ScienceDaily&lt;/em&gt;, 14 Sep. 2011. Web. 15 Sep. 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-3022141115017269205?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/3022141115017269205/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/preschoolers-grasp-of-numbers-predicts.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3022141115017269205'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3022141115017269205'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/preschoolers-grasp-of-numbers-predicts.html' title='Preschoolers&apos; Grasp of Numbers Predicts Math Performance in School Years; Early Number Sense Linked to Elementary Math Scores'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-CK3jTaCtKCw/TnJbAKoLmVI/AAAAAAAAARU/uvN0wEoZBJE/s72-c/110914171751.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-3615234795170145872</id><published>2011-09-15T10:00:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-15T10:14:27.418-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;A 53-year-old man with no previous renal history presents to his local veteran's administration medical center complaining of a 7-week history of cough, fever, general malaise, and a 15-lb weight loss. He has a history of coronary artery disease, mild diabetes, hypertension, and chronic obstructive lung disease. He also admits to not adhering to of his prescription medications, which he hasn't taken for the past 3 months. He uses alcohol and tobacco daily and is also actively using cocaine. His blood pressure in the emergency department is 175/103 mm Hg, and admission laboratory values reveal a serum creatinine of 3.05 mg/dL (last known creatinine was 0.88 mg/dL 3 months ago). Urinalysis is notable for 2+ proteinuria and 10-20 red blood cells per high-power field, many with dysmorphic features. There are no casts. He is admitted and his blood pressure is controlled with oral antihypertensives. Blood cultures and serologies are sent to the laboratory. A chest x-ray reveals a bilateral patchy infiltrate. On the second hospital day, his cough worsens and he develops scant hemoptysis. Creatinine is increased to 4.42 mg/dL and he becomes oliguric. He is scheduled for a renal biopsy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Renal biopsy is performed and reveals extensive crescent formation in approximately 75% of glomeruli and areas of segmental necrosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Immunofluorescence reveals weak immunoglobulin G staining in a linear pattern in the capillary walls and weak fibrinogen staining in a few of the glomerular segments, but findings are otherwise negative.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Electron microscopy reveals no evidence of immune complex deposition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Results of the serologic work-up reveal:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Anti-GBM ab: &amp;lt; 3.0 (0-20)&lt;br /&gt;Antinuclear antibody (ANA): negative&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Complement component C3: normal&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Complement component C4: normal&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA):&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Myeloperoxidase (MPO): 24 (0.0-9.0)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Serine protease (PR)-3: 13 (0-20)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;C-ANCA: 1: 640&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;P-ANCA: &amp;lt; 1:20&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Atypical ANCA: &amp;lt; 1:20&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;HIV: negative&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Hepatitis serologies: negative&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Blood cultures: negative&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-3615234795170145872?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/3615234795170145872/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso_15.html#comment-form' title='7 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3615234795170145872'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3615234795170145872'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso_15.html' title='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-2859016278230527270</id><published>2011-09-14T11:48:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-14T12:21:26.111-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ALGORITMOS CLINICOS'/><title type='text'>ALGORITMOS CLINICOS EN MEDICINA</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-f3pLzS1Wtck/TnDhYeC3l1I/AAAAAAAAARM/ZKkajC1laB4/s1600/ALGO.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 310px; height: 320px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-f3pLzS1Wtck/TnDhYeC3l1I/AAAAAAAAARM/ZKkajC1laB4/s320/ALGO.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5652265342848178002" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.4shared.com/document/Jfw5AGc7/algoritmosclnicosenmedicina-11.html"&gt;DESCARGAR  CLICK AQUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-2859016278230527270?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/2859016278230527270/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/algoritmos-clinicos-en-medicina.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/2859016278230527270'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/2859016278230527270'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/algoritmos-clinicos-en-medicina.html' title='ALGORITMOS CLINICOS EN MEDICINA'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-f3pLzS1Wtck/TnDhYeC3l1I/AAAAAAAAARM/ZKkajC1laB4/s72-c/ALGO.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-632193285951569532</id><published>2011-09-14T10:13:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-14T10:18:08.828-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>El DIU  REDUCE A LA MITAD EL RIESGO DE CONTRAER CANCER DE UTERO</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AWol1X-DwdM/TnDE3cQBFaI/AAAAAAAAARE/9LH8VIS3CLU/s1600/anticonceptivo-diu.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 200px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AWol1X-DwdM/TnDE3cQBFaI/AAAAAAAAARE/9LH8VIS3CLU/s200/anticonceptivo-diu.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5652233989105194402" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;p class="entradilla" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; "&gt;Investigadores del Instituto Catalán de Oncología (ICO) y del de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (Idibell) prueban que este dispositivo reduce hasta en un 54% las probabilidades de desarrollar un tumor uterino.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;form name="vars"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Las mujeres que utilizan el dispositivo intrauterino anticonceptivo (DIU) tienen la mitad de riesgo de sufrir un cáncer de cuello de útero, contrariamente a la creencia popular de que este dispositivo aumenta el riesgo de padecer este tumor, según constata un estudio del Instituto Catalán de Oncología (ICO) y del de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (Idibell).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;El trabajo epidemiológico, que publica &lt;em&gt;The Lancet Oncology, &lt;/em&gt;se basa en el análisis de otros 10 estudios de cáncer cervical realizados en ocho países y 16 estudios de prevalencia del virus del papiloma en mujeres de cuatro continentes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;En declaraciones a Europa Press, el investigador del grupo de Virus y Cáncer del Idibell y del Programa de Investigación en Epidemiología del Cáncer del ICO y líder del estudio, Xavier Castellsagué, el trabajo es "muy sólido" y permite aseverar que las usuarias del DIU reducen el citado riesgo por la respuesta inmunitaria que generan los cambios físicos derivados del dispositivo.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;El dispositivo intrauterino (DIU) es inerte y provoca una inflamación crónica de la mucosa -de carácter estéril- y una respuesta inmune de larga duración que reduce la progresión de los tumores. La segunda conclusión del trabajo, no menos "potente" según el investigador, es que el uso del DIU no modifica la probabilidad de contraer la infección del papiloma.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Un 54% menos de probabilidades&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;"No existe más riesgo ni menos de contraer una variante del virus del papiloma humano", ha remarcado Castellsagué, quien ha recordado que este dispositivo no protege frente a las infecciones sexuales al no actuar como barrera de las mismas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Así, el uso del DIU no afecta el riesgo de infección por VPH pero se asocia con un riesgo "significativamente" menor de cáncer de los dos tipos mayoritarios de cáncer cervical, el carcinoma de células escamosas (cuya probabilidad se reduce en un 44%) y el de adenocarcinoma o carcinoma adenoescamoso (54%).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;El DIU es el contraceptivo reversible más utilizado, según datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS); en España lo ha utilizado hasta el 13% de la población -unas 1,7 millones de mujeres-, y actualmente lo hacen un 5% -700.000-.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(11)70223-6/abstract" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;The Lancet Oncology (2011); doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70223-6&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;Tomado de De JANO.es ·&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-632193285951569532?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/632193285951569532/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/el-diu-reduce-la-mitad-el-riesgo-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/632193285951569532'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/632193285951569532'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/el-diu-reduce-la-mitad-el-riesgo-de.html' title='El DIU  REDUCE A LA MITAD EL RIESGO DE CONTRAER CANCER DE UTERO'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AWol1X-DwdM/TnDE3cQBFaI/AAAAAAAAARE/9LH8VIS3CLU/s72-c/anticonceptivo-diu.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-1390520170593579880</id><published>2011-09-10T12:07:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-10T12:09:51.529-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Mother's Diet Influences Baby's Allergies, Research Suggests</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ekImaGwP0_Q/TmuZbLflk_I/AAAAAAAAAQ8/A9zaUr9omNU/s1600/Huile-de-Noix1.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 131px; height: 200px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ekImaGwP0_Q/TmuZbLflk_I/AAAAAAAAAQ8/A9zaUr9omNU/s200/Huile-de-Noix1.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5650778849687213042" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;span class="date" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-style: italic; "&gt;ScienceDaily (Sep. 9, 2011)&lt;/span&gt; — A possible link between what a mother eats during pregnancy and the risk of her child developing allergies has been identified in new research published in this month's&lt;em&gt;The Journal of Physiology&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;The research found that if a mother's diet contains a certain group of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) -- such as those found in fish, walnut oil or flaxseed -- the baby's gut develops differently. The PUFAs are thought to improve how gut immune cells respond to bacteria and foreign substances, making the baby less likely to suffer from allergies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Until now, several clinical trials have shown that fish and walnut oil supplementation in pregnant women reduces the risk of allergy in their children, but the mechanism was unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"There is intense research interest in maternal diet during pregnancy. In the western diet, the group of polyunsaturated fatty acids that we have shown to help gut function are actually disappearing -- our dietary intake of fish and nut oils is being replaced by corn oils which contain a different kind of fatty acid." Said Dr Gaëlle Boudry, of the INRA research institute in Rennes, France.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"Our study identifies that a certain group of polyunsaturated fatty acids -- known as n-3PUFAs -- causes a change in how a baby's gut develops, which in turn might change how the gut immune system develops. These changes are likely to reduce the risk of developing allergies in later life."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;The team found that supplementing a mother's diet with n-3PUFA caused the newborn's gut to become more permeable. A more permeable gut enables bacteria and new substances to pass through the lining of the gut into the bloodstream more easily. These new substances then trigger the baby's immune response and the production of antibodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"The end result is that the baby's immune system may develop and mature faster -- leading to better immune function and less likelihood of suffering allergies," added Dr Boudry.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;This research adds to previous studies which have shown that an intake of n-3 PUFAs during pregnancy increases gestational length and maturation of the central nervous system of a baby and that their performance on mental tasks also seemed to be improved in childhood.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"Other studies have found that a diet containing fish or walnut oil during pregnancy may make your baby smarter -- our research adds to this, suggesting such supplements also accelerate the development of a healthy immune system to ward off food allergies."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 13px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;In terms of next steps, the team's findings were based on piglets so research will continue to see if they translate to humans. The porcine intestine is an excellent model of the human gut however, so they are hopeful that the findings can be extrapolated. The team also plans to investigate whether the apparent gut function-boosting effects of n-3PUFA that they have identified in newborns extends into later life.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); "&gt;Wiley-Blackwell. "Mother's diet influences baby's allergies, research suggests."&lt;em&gt;ScienceDaily&lt;/em&gt;, 9 Sep. 2011. Web. 10 Sep. 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-1390520170593579880?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/1390520170593579880/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/mothers-diet-influences-babys-allergies.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1390520170593579880'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1390520170593579880'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/mothers-diet-influences-babys-allergies.html' title='Mother&apos;s Diet Influences Baby&apos;s Allergies, Research Suggests'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ekImaGwP0_Q/TmuZbLflk_I/AAAAAAAAAQ8/A9zaUr9omNU/s72-c/Huile-de-Noix1.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5638180131668844992</id><published>2011-09-09T11:38:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-09T11:38:58.389-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"&gt;A 15-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because &amp;nbsp;had noticed small purpura on her arms and her legs during 2 weeks before the admission. At the same time, she started having headaches, polyarthritis, and shortness of breath on exertion. These symptoms progressively deteriorated, thus prompting her hospital visit. On her physical examination, body temperature was 38.2°C. Her consciousness was alert. Small purpura were scattered over her entire arms and legs. A malar rash was also recognized on her face. Broad spectrum antibiotic (doripenem hydrate, 1.5 g/day) was involved in the initial therapy because severe bacterial infection was suspected in the situation with undetermined diagnosis on the admission. However, bacterial cultures from her blood, urine, sputum, and throat swab revealed no signs of any bacterial infections and we subsequently excluded bacterial infection from the diagnosis. Titers of antibodies against various kinds of virus such as cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and parvovirus B19 were also negative.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"&gt;Laboratory findings :&amp;nbsp;The serum hemoglobin level was low at 6.4 g/dL (normal range; 12.0–16.0 g/dL), her platelet count was also low at 4000/&lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;L (normal range; 15.0-35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"&gt;&lt;tspan style="font-size: 12.50px;" x="12.503" y="0"&gt;.&lt;/tspan&gt;&lt;tspan style="font-size: 12.50px;" x="15.62875" y="0"&gt;0&lt;/tspan&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;tspan style="font-size: 12.50px;" x="24.655916" y="0"&gt;×&lt;/tspan&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;tspan style="font-size: 12.50px;" x="35.433502" y="0"&gt;1&lt;/tspan&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;tspan style="font-size: 12.50px;" x="41.685001" y="0"&gt;0&lt;/tspan&gt;&lt;text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-24.01,66.03)"&gt;&lt;tspan style="font-size: 8.75px;" x="0" y="0"&gt;4&lt;/tspan&gt;&lt;/text&gt;/&lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;L). The number of white blood cells was within normal range. Although the serum levels of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and D-dimers were elevated to 17.4 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;g/dL (normal range; less than 5.0 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;g/dL) and 8.78 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;g/dL (normal range; less than 2.0 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;g/dL), respectively, the serum level of fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were normal. The serum level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was elevated to 915 IU/L (normal range; 119–219 IU/L), and that of total bilirubin level was also elevated at 2.9 mg/dL (normal range; 0.2–1.3 mg/dL) with dominant elevation of indirect bilirubin. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels were within the normal range and urinalysis did not show any abnormal findings. Although her serum haptoglobin levels were decreased at less than 10 mg/dL (normal range; &amp;gt;43–180), both the direct and indirect Coombs tests were negative. The patient’s bone marrow cells obtained by aspiration revealed normal differentiation, however, a peripheral blood smear test clearly showed schistocytes in the RBC. Her antinuclear antibody (ANA) test was positive, and she also had anti-DNA antibodies, anti-SS-A antibodies, anti-RNP antibodies, and anticardiolipin antibodies. Her serum complement levels were decreased (CH50; 21U/mL, C3; 81 mg/dL, and C4; 8 mg/dL, normal range; CH50 32–49 U/mL, C3 65–135 mg/dL, C4 13–35 mg/dL, resp.) and increased immune complex formation was observed (ICc1q 3.3 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;g/mL, normal range; 0–3.0 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;g/mL). She has positive for ANA, anti-DNA antibody, anti-cardiolipin antibody.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"&gt;&lt;svg height="14.375" id="M1" style="vertical-align: -0.3135pt; width: 66.150002px;" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 66.150002 14.375" width="66.150002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"&gt;&lt;g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.375)"&gt;&lt;g transform="translate(72,-60.5)"&gt;&lt;text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,60.86)"&gt;&lt;/text&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; font-weight: bold;"&gt;What is the most likely diagnosis?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Comente el caso&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5638180131668844992?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5638180131668844992/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso.html#comment-form' title='8 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5638180131668844992'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5638180131668844992'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso.html' title='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>8</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7364165646456042744</id><published>2011-09-08T14:57:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-08T14:57:49.546-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='LCR'/><title type='text'>ANALISIS LIQUIDO CEFALORRAQUIDEO</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div id="__ss_9180842" style="width: 425px;"&gt; &lt;strong style="display: block; margin: 12px 0 4px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma/analsis-liquido-cefalorraquideo-final" target="_blank" title="Analsis liquido cefalorraquideo final"&gt;Analsis liquido cefalorraquideo final&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;iframe frameborder="0" height="355" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" scrolling="no" src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/9180842" width="425"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 5px 0 12px;"&gt; View more &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/" target="_blank"&gt;presentations&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma" target="_blank"&gt;Hector Marrufo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7364165646456042744?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7364165646456042744/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/analisis-liquido-cefalorraquideo.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7364165646456042744'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7364165646456042744'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/analisis-liquido-cefalorraquideo.html' title='ANALISIS LIQUIDO CEFALORRAQUIDEO'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-1627508226366495033</id><published>2011-09-03T13:55:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-03T14:03:40.589-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>LOS HIJOS DE MADRES FUMADORAS EN EL EMBARAZO SON MÁS PROCLIVES A TOMAR ANTIDEPRESIVOS</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;p class="entradilla" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; "&gt;Un estudio sugiere la posibilidad de que la nicotina pueda afectar al desarrollo del cerebro o que la afluencia de oxígeno se vea reducida por el humo del tabaco.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oJfku_UGW3I/TmJ4yTsERqI/AAAAAAAAAQ0/BgscUkspniI/s200/efectos-tabaco-bebe-embarazo.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5648209688349918882" style="float: left; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; cursor: pointer; width: 200px; height: 164px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;Los hijos de madres que fumaron durante el embarazo son más propensos a terminar usando antidepresivos, estimulantes y medicamentos que pueden generar adicción, según un estudio finlandés publicado en &lt;em&gt;American Journal of Epidemiology&lt;/em&gt; que apunta que fumar afecta al desarrollo del cerebro del bebé.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;"Los resultados del estudio muestran que la exposición al tabaquismo durante el embarazo está relacionada con el desarrollo de enfermedades psiquiátricas, tanto leves como graves", asegura el investigador principal, Mikael Ekblad, del Departamento de Pediatría del Turku University Hospital (Finlandia).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Aunque los hallazgos no demuestran que fumar cigarrillos durante el embarazo cause cambios en el cerebro de los niños o en su comportamiento, sí ofrecen una prueba más para alentar a las mujeres a que no fumen durante el embarazo", reconoce el investigador.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ekblad y sus compañeros utilizaron datos de 175.000 niños nacidos en Finlandia entre 1987 y 1989, a cuyas madres se les preguntó si habían fumado durante el embarazo. Los investigadores compararon los registros de nacimiento con una base de datos nacional de medicamentos cubiertos por la seguridad social prescritos entre 1994 y 2007, cuando los niños tenían entre 5 y 20 años.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Según revela el estudio, en general, a uno de cada 11 niños se le prescribió un medicamento psiquiátrico en algún momento durante ese período, incluidos los medicamentos contra la ansiedad, los antipsicóticos, antidepresivos, estimulantes y medicamentos que pueden generar adicción.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En concreto, el 8% de los niños y adolescentes de madres no fumadoras durante el embarazo recibió al menos uno de esos medicamentos durante el período de estudio frente al 11% de los hijos de madres que fumaban menos de 10 cigarrillos al día, y cerca del 14% de los que eran hijos de mujeres que consumían más de 10 al día durante la gestación.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Según los investigadores, "no está claro cómo puede afectar al cerebro del bebé el hecho de que las madres fumen. Es posible que la nicotina pueda afectar al desarrollo del cerebro o que el acceso de oxígeno durante el embarazo se reduzca por el humo del tabaco".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El estudio tiene sus limitaciones porque los investigadores no pudieron saber si las madres habían tomado medicamentos psicotrópicos, alcohol o drogas ilícitas durante el embarazo. Además, tampoco sabían si el padre fumaba mientras el niño estaba en el útero o si el padre o la madre fumaban tras el nacimiento del bebé cuando todavía estaba en desarrollo el cerebro del niño.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2011/08/04/aje.kwr150.abstract" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;American Journal of Epidemiology 2011;doi: 10.1093/aje/kwr150&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;Tomado de Jano.es&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;form name="varscomentarios"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-1627508226366495033?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/1627508226366495033/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/los-hijos-de-madres-fumadoras-en-el.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1627508226366495033'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1627508226366495033'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/los-hijos-de-madres-fumadoras-en-el.html' title='LOS HIJOS DE MADRES FUMADORAS EN EL EMBARAZO SON MÁS PROCLIVES A TOMAR ANTIDEPRESIVOS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oJfku_UGW3I/TmJ4yTsERqI/AAAAAAAAAQ0/BgscUkspniI/s72-c/efectos-tabaco-bebe-embarazo.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7010563920154040157</id><published>2011-09-03T13:44:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-09-03T14:06:08.610-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>BONE MARROW STEM CELL THERAPY SAFE FOR ACUTE STROKE, STUDY SUGGESTS</title><content type='html'>&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p id="first" style="font-size: medium; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: -2px; margin-left: 0px; display: inline !important; "&gt;Using a patient's own bone marrow stem cells to treat acute stroke is feasible and safe, according to the results of a ground-breaking Phase I trial at The University of Texas Health Science Center at  Houston (UTHealth)    &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;The trial was the first ever to harvest an acute stroke patient's own stem cells from the iliac crest of the leg, separate them and inject them back into the patient intravenously. The first patient was enrolled in March 2009 at Memorial Hermann-Texas Medical Center. This research, with additional funding from the National Institutes of Health, has been expanded to a larger trial to study safety.&lt;p style="padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;"In order to bring stem cells forward as a potential new treatment for stroke patients, we have to establish safety first and this study provides the first evidence in addressing that goal," said Sean I. Savitz, M.D., principal investigator and associate professor of neurology at The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, part of UTHealth. "Now we are conducting two other stroke cell therapy studies examining safety and efficacy, one of which can be administered up to 19 days after someone has suffered a stroke."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;The study's findings were published in a recent issue of the&lt;em&gt;Annals of Neurology&lt;/em&gt;. Of the 10 patients enrolled in the study, there were no study-related severe adverse events. Although the study was not intended to address efficacy, the investigators compared the study group with historical control patients, who admitted to the stroke service at Memorial Hermann-TMC before the trial began. In that comparison, the study team found a number of patients who did better compared with controls. However, Savitz said that type of analysis has limitations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by a blockage or a rupture in an artery, depriving brain tissue of oxygen. It is the third-leading cause of death behind heart disease and cancer and a leading cause of disability. According to the American Stroke Association, nearly 800,000 Americans suffer a stroke each year -- one every 40 seconds. The only current treatment for ischemic stroke, the most prevalent kind, is the clot-buster tPA. But only one-third of patients respond well to tPA, so researchers continue to look at other therapies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;Savitz' other stem cell studies for stroke are using a regenerative therapy developed by Aldagen that uses a patient's own bone marrow stem cells injected into the carotid artery; and an umbilical cord-derived cell therapy that can be used "off-the-shelf," which he hopes to bring to community hospitals so that a larger number of stroke patients in  Houston have access to ground-breaking research testing new potential therapies&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p style="padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Journal Reference&lt;/strong&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style="font-size: 13px; margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 18px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; "&gt;&lt;li style="padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 0px; "&gt;Sean I. Savitz, Vivek Misra, Mallik Kasam, Harrinder Juneja, Charles S. Cox, Susan Alderman, Imo Aisiku, Siddhartha Kar, Adrian Gee, James C. Grotta. &lt;strong&gt;Intravenous autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells for ischemic stroke&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Annals of Neurology&lt;/em&gt;, 2011; 70 (1): 59 DOI: &lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.22458" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153); text-decoration: none; "&gt;10.1002/ana.22458&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7010563920154040157?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7010563920154040157/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/bone-marrow-stem-cell-therapy-safe-for.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7010563920154040157'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7010563920154040157'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/09/bone-marrow-stem-cell-therapy-safe-for.html' title='BONE MARROW STEM CELL THERAPY SAFE FOR ACUTE STROKE, STUDY SUGGESTS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-6688685746349765456</id><published>2011-08-31T12:41:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-08-31T12:53:35.966-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department (ED) with a 2-day history of nausea and vomiting. He has been seen a few times in the gastroenterology clinic during the past 6 months for similar symptoms. Multivitamins, antacids, and proton-pump inhibitors had been prescribed but failed to control his symptoms. He has no history of trauma, weight los&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;s, fever, dyspnea, abdominal pain, hematemesis, diarrhea, constipation, or peripheral edema. Six years ago, he was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and was prescribed an oral agent and a long-acting insulin. Although he was nonadherent to his recommended diet, he used his medications as prescribed. Four years ago, the patient began experiencing hypoglycemic episodes even though his daily activity and diet had not changed and his weight had remained stable. From that point on, he gradually tapered his insulin use and eventually stopped both insulin and his oral medication. Following that, occasional fingerstick glucose measurements were reportedly normal. He does not smoke tobacco, drink alcohol, or use illicit drugs.&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-zmGQtTkWFEg/Tl50FVDVdUI/AAAAAAAAAQs/UrH15UefUD8/s200/729001-fig3.jpg" style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 167px; height: 200px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5647078617668482370" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; font-size: 13px; margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;On physical examination, the patient's axillary temperature is 97.7ºF (36.5ºC). His pulse has a regular rhythm, with a heart rate of 62 bpm. His blood pressure is 100/70 mm Hg. He appears apathetic and unwell. Head and neck examination reveals fine wrinkling of the perioral skin. His lungs are clear. His S&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and S&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; heart sounds are normal. His abdomen is soft and nontender, and his peripheral pulses are weakly palpable.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hH2B06s7iXM/Tl50B1tvRvI/AAAAAAAAAQk/59TxyyyOoKo/s200/729001-fig2.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5647078557716793074" style="cursor: pointer; width: 172px; height: 200px; " /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Laboratory analysis reveals normochromic normocytic anemia, with a hemoglobin level of 11.8 g/dL (118 g/L; normal range, 13.5-18 g/dL), a hematocrit of 34% (0.34; normal range, 40%-54%) and a mean corpuscular volume of 91 μm&lt;sup style="font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 0; "&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; (91 fL; normal range, 80-96 μm&lt;sup style="font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 0; "&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;). The remainder of the CBC count is normal, as is urinalysis and a random blood glucose level. The patient's renal function and liver function tests are normal. He has hyponatremia, with a serum sodium of 126 mEq/L (126 mmol/L; normal range of 136-145 mEq/L). His serum potassium level is normal. When further queried about his medical history and review of systems, he reports having a decreased libido and impotence for 3 years. The patient is hospitalized for further evaluation of his hyponatremia and progressive symptoms. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is obtained.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;img src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PmRkHxKAJpQ/Tl5z9MFpLzI/AAAAAAAAAQc/sQHEayhSmKE/s200/729001-fig1.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5647078477823291186" style="cursor: pointer; width: 167px; height: 200px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-6688685746349765456?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/6688685746349765456/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso_31.html#comment-form' title='9 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6688685746349765456'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/6688685746349765456'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso_31.html' title='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-zmGQtTkWFEg/Tl50FVDVdUI/AAAAAAAAAQs/UrH15UefUD8/s72-c/729001-fig3.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>9</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-3307641761172700812</id><published>2011-08-31T12:31:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-08-31T12:34:43.863-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>El aceite de oliva y los frutos secos revierten la arteriosclerosis</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;Un estudio de la Universidad de Navarra muestra que la modificación del patrón dietético logra reducir en apenas un año el espesor de la capa íntima-media de la arteria carótida&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="content"&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ru1LI7vt59A/Tl5wPC4iobI/AAAAAAAAAQU/a2tErDWf3jc/s200/aceite.jpg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 134px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5647074386543550898" /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Una dieta mediterránea enriquecida con aceite de oliva virgen o con frutos secos puede revertir la arteriosclerosis en las arterias carotídeas en sólo un año, según se ha demostrado en un ensayo realizado con 187 voluntarios en la Universidad de Navarra, que ahora publica la revista &lt;em&gt;Atherosclerosis.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Los participantes, mayores de 55 años y con alto riesgo cardiovascular, se dividieron en tres grupos al azar. Dos de ellos recibieron instrucciones detalladas sobre cómo seguir de forma adecuada una dieta mediterránea mediante entrevistas trimestrales con dietistas nutricionistas formadas para esta tarea y dirigidas por Ana Sánchez-Tainta, especialista en Nutrición Humana y Dietética en el centro académico.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Uno de los grupos recibió 15 litros de aceite de oliva virgen cada trimestre; al otro se le facilitaron frutos secos para que los voluntarios consumieran 30 gramos diarios de nueves, almendras y avellanas. Por último, al tercer grupo se le dieron instrucciones para seguir una dieta baja en grasa.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;A todos ellos se les midió el espesor de la capa íntima-media de la arteria carótida por ecografía, tanto al principio del estudio como al cabo de un año. "Fue así”, afirma Sánchez-Tainta, “como que las personas que habían seguido una dieta mediterránea enriquecida con aceite de oliva virgen o con frutos secos presentaban una regresión del grosor de dicha capa”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Respecto a los resultados obtenidos, el director del proyecto y catedrático de Medicina Preventiva de la Universidad de Navarra, Miguel Ángel Martínez, subraya que "una modificación de todo el patrón dietético es capaz de conseguir en un solo año unos resultados que no se alcanzan con los fármacos que se prescriben ni siquiera en dos años de tratamiento".&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915011005727" target="_blank" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 16px; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915011005727" target="_blank" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;Atherosclerosis (2011); doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.06.050&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915011005727" target="_blank" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;T&lt;/a&gt;omado de Jano.es&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;form name="varscomentarios" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-3307641761172700812?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/3307641761172700812/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/el-aceite-de-oliva-y-los-frutos-secos.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3307641761172700812'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3307641761172700812'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/el-aceite-de-oliva-y-los-frutos-secos.html' title='El aceite de oliva y los frutos secos revierten la arteriosclerosis'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ru1LI7vt59A/Tl5wPC4iobI/AAAAAAAAAQU/a2tErDWf3jc/s72-c/aceite.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7332549858828741371</id><published>2011-08-22T15:10:00.008-05:00</published><updated>2011-08-24T19:20:00.990-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;75-year-old man presents to the emergency department (ED) with a 6-week history of worsening lower abdominal pain. He describes the pain as sharp, constant, and associated with a weight loss of approximately 20 lb over the past month. The patient states that for the past few weeks he has also noticed bilateral lower-extremity swelling and abdominal distention. The abdominal distention has been severe enough to prevent him from bending over. He experienced an increased frequency of urination until 3 days ago; he has been anuric since then. For the past week he has not been able to tolerate solid foods, resulting in an entirely liquid diet. As of the day of presentation even liquids have become intolerable. There is also a history of numbness and tingling in both legs and an unsteady gait during the last week. He reports a feeling of confusion but is fully oriented to person, place, and time. His medical history is significant for hypertension under treatment and mitral valve insufficiency. He denies any surgical history. His current medications include daily aspirin and nifedipine. The patient has an age-appropriate level of physical activity and lives alone. He does not smoke or drink.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hF96ornblrk/TlWUHPhHSzI/AAAAAAAAAQE/eS2ma2pv9cc/s200/748107-fig1.jpg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 160px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5644580560124201778" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On physical examination, the patient is a well-oriented elderly man in no acute distress. His vital signs include an oral temperature of 97.4°F (36.3°C), a blood pressure of 211/92 mm Hg, a pulse of 104 beats/min, an unlabored respiratory rate of 20 breaths/min, and an oxygen saturation of 97% on room air. Head and neck examination reveals dry oral mucous membranes with a supple neck and no jugular venous distention. The chest examination is clear to auscultation bilaterally, with normal breath sounds and normal S1 and S2 heart sounds without murmurs, rubs, or gallops. The abdominal examination is significant for distention, mostly in the hypogastric and umbilical regions, and for the presence of a reducible umbilical hernia. Normal bowel sounds are appreciated in all quadrants. The patient's lower abdomen is diffusely tender, with slight tenderness noted in the upper abdomen as well. There is no rebound tenderness or guarding and Lloyd's sign is negative. Extremity examination is significant for bilateral pitting edema of the lower extremities. The patient has no focal neurologic abnormalities (although gait testing is deferred).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;img src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-cxviKDEAM_k/TlWUPWkflPI/AAAAAAAAAQM/YReoDLK2yXk/s200/748107-fig2.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5644580699456378098" style="float: left; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; cursor: pointer; width: 162px; height: 200px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Initial laboratory investigations include a complete blood count (CBC) and basic metabolic panel. There are no significant findings on the CBC. The metabolic panel reveals a serum sodium level of 130 mEq/L (normal range, 136-145 mEq/L), potassium of 4.2 mEq/L (normal range, 3.5-5.0 mEq/L), chloride of 83 mEq/L (normal range, 95-105 mEq/L), bicarbonate of 16 mEq/L (normal range, 22-28 mEq/L), and glucose of 92 mg/dL (normal range, 70-125 mg/dL). Serum creatinine is 21.2 mg/dL (normal range, 0.6-1.2 mg/dL) and blood urea nitrogen is 120 mg/dL (normal range, 7-18 mg/dL). The calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 3 mL/min/1.73 m&lt;sup style="font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 0; "&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (normal, ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m&lt;sup style="font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 0; "&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;). A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis is obtained (Figures 1 and 2).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;What is the most likely diagnosis?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7332549858828741371?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7332549858828741371/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso.html#comment-form' title='8 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7332549858828741371'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7332549858828741371'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/aprendizaje-basado-en-un-caso.html' title='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hF96ornblrk/TlWUHPhHSzI/AAAAAAAAAQE/eS2ma2pv9cc/s72-c/748107-fig1.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>8</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-784052010037256943</id><published>2011-08-18T15:44:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-08-18T15:45:54.640-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PEPTIDOS CITRULINADOS'/><title type='text'>PROTEINAS CITRULADAS EN A.R</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="width:477px" id="__ss_8907912"&gt;&lt;strong style="display:block;margin:12px 0 4px"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma/proteinas-citrulada-en-artritis-reumatoide" title="PROTEINAS CITRULADA EN ARTRITIS REUMATOIDE"&gt;PROTEINAS CITRULADA EN ARTRITIS REUMATOIDE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;object id="__sse8907912" width="477" height="510"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/doc_player.swf?doc=protcitrulinadasenar-110818154309-phpapp01&amp;amp;stripped_title=proteinas-citrulada-en-artritis-reumatoide&amp;amp;userName=drecma"&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;embed name="__sse8907912" src="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/doc_player.swf?doc=protcitrulinadasenar-110818154309-phpapp01&amp;amp;stripped_title=proteinas-citrulada-en-artritis-reumatoide&amp;amp;userName=drecma" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="477" height="510"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div style="padding:5px 0 12px"&gt;View more &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/"&gt;documents&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma"&gt;Hector Marrufo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-784052010037256943?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/784052010037256943/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/proteinas-citruladas-en-ar.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/784052010037256943'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/784052010037256943'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/proteinas-citruladas-en-ar.html' title='PROTEINAS CITRULADAS EN A.R'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-8533969294094509120</id><published>2011-08-17T14:05:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-08-17T14:06:41.807-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>EJERCICIO Y ESPERANZA DE VIDA</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;h3 style="font-size: 27px; margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; clear: both; "&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.jano.es/jano/actualidad/ultimas/noticias/janoes/agencias/quince/minutos/ejercicio/dia/aumentan/tres/anos/esperanza/vida/_f-11+iditem-14672+idtabla-1" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;Quince minutos de ejercicio al día aumentan en tres años la esperanza de vida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p class="firma" style="background-image: url(http://www.jano.es/jano/images/separador_horiz_dot.png); background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-position: 50% 100%; background-repeat: repeat no-repeat; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KFzWope_mjY/TkwRGfIZEaI/AAAAAAAAAPU/ncQiNRf4GVY/s320/images.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5641903236321972642" style="float: left; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; cursor: pointer; width: 285px; height: 177px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;p class="entradilla" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; "&gt;Un estudio publicado en “The Lancet” muestra que la actividad física a niveles muy bajos reduce la mortalidad por cualquier causa en un 14%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;form name="vars"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Las personas que practican ejercicio durante 15 minutos al día -o 92 minutos a la semana- incrementan su esperanza de vida en tres años en comparación con las personas inactivas, según un estudio publicado en &lt;em&gt;The Lancet&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;“El ejercicio a niveles muy bajos reduce la mortalidad por cualquier causa en un 14%”, afirma Xifeng Wu. uno de los autores principales del estudio, catedrático de la Universidad de Texas (Estados Unidos), para quien “los beneficios del ejercicio parecen ser significativos, sin llegar a la cantidad recomendada de 150 minutos por semana, basada en resultados de investigaciones previas”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;El equipo de otro de los autores principales, Chi-Pang Wen, profesor de Medicina de los Institutos Nacionales de Investigación en Salud de Taiwán , encontró que el riesgo de muerte por cualquier causa descendió en un 4% por cada 15 minutos más de ejercicio, llegando hasta los 100 minutos de ejercicio al día durante el estudio. Así, la actividad física durante 30 minutos diarios añade unos cuatro años en la esperanza de vida. “Estos beneficios son aplicables a todos los grupos de edad, de ambos sexos y a personas con riesgos de enfermedades cardiovasculares”, señalan los autores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Según la investigación, si las personas sedentarias en Taiwán hicieran un poco ejercicio diario, una de cada seis muertes podría ser pospuesta. “Sería una reducción estimada de mortalidad similar a la de un programa de control del tabaco con éxito”, aseguran los autores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;En el estudio, que siguió a 416.175 taiwaneses entre 1996 y 2008 durante un promedio de ocho años, los participantes completaron un cuestionario sobre su historial médico y su estilo de vida, así como la actividad física que realizaron por semana durante el mes anterior, recogida por intensidad (baja, moderada o alta) y tiempo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Asimismo, para tener en cuenta los efectos laborales, los participantes también caracterizaron la actividad física realizada en el entorno de trabajo, que va desde la actividad sedentaria al trabajo físico duro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Los que realizaban menos de una hora a la semana de actividad física fueron clasificados como inactivos, el 54% de todos los participantes. Otros fueron clasificados en un nivel bajo, medio, alto o muy alto, sobre la base de la duración y la intensidad de su ejercicio. Los investigadores calcularon el riesgo de mortalidad y la esperanza de vida para cada grupo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Los participantes con bajo volumen de ejercicio tenían menores tasas de mortalidad que las personas inactivas, independientemente de la edad, el riesgo de enfermedad de género, el estado de salud, el consumo de tabaco, consumo de alcohol o enfermedad cardiovascular.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Los investigadores señalan que la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y los Centros para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC) de Estados Unidos recomiendan por lo menos 150 minutos de ejercicio de intensidad moderada por semana. Un tercio de los adultos estadounidenses cumplen con esa pauta, y alrededor del 20% de los adultos en China, Japón o Taiwán.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(11)60749-6/abstract" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;The Lancet 2011;doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60749-6&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-8533969294094509120?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/8533969294094509120/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/ejercicio-y-esperanza-de-vida.html#comment-form' title='3 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8533969294094509120'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8533969294094509120'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/ejercicio-y-esperanza-de-vida.html' title='EJERCICIO Y ESPERANZA DE VIDA'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KFzWope_mjY/TkwRGfIZEaI/AAAAAAAAAPU/ncQiNRf4GVY/s72-c/images.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>3</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5941242537839074586</id><published>2011-08-17T13:52:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-08-17T13:57:30.419-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='DIABETES MELLITUS'/><title type='text'>HBAIc AS A SCREEN FOR PRE DIABETES AND DIABETES</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(64, 56, 56); font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; line-height: 40px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: x-large; "&gt;Hemoglobina A1c as a screen for previously undiagnosed prediabetes and diabetes in an acute-care setting&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(64, 56, 56); font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;li class="contributor" id="contrib-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; white-space: normal; "&gt;&lt;div style="line-height: 1.7; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class="name" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;a class="name-search" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/search?author1=Robert+A.+Silverman&amp;amp;sortspec=date&amp;amp;submit=Submit" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: nowrap; "&gt;Robert A. Silverman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="contrib-degrees" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, MD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a id="xref-aff-1-1" class="xref-aff" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/13/dc10-0996.abstract#aff-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;sup style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; "&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a id="xref-corresp-1-1" class="xref-down-link" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/13/dc10-0996.abstract#corresp-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;span style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;⇓&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 1.7;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="contributor" id="contrib-2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.7; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; white-space: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="name" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;a class="name-search" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/search?author1=Urvi+Thakker&amp;amp;sortspec=date&amp;amp;submit=Submit" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: nowrap; "&gt;Urvi Thakker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="contrib-degrees" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, DO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a id="xref-aff-1-2" class="xref-aff" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/13/dc10-0996.abstract#aff-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;sup style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; "&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="contributor" id="contrib-3" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.7; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; white-space: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="name" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;a class="name-search" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/search?author1=Tovah+Ellman&amp;amp;sortspec=date&amp;amp;submit=Submit" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: nowrap; "&gt;Tovah Ellman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="contrib-degrees" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, MD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a id="xref-aff-1-3" class="xref-aff" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/13/dc10-0996.abstract#aff-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;sup style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; "&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="contributor" id="contrib-4" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.7; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; white-space: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="name" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;a class="name-search" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/search?author1=Ivan+Wong&amp;amp;sortspec=date&amp;amp;submit=Submit" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: nowrap; "&gt;Ivan Wong&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="contrib-degrees" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, BS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a id="xref-aff-1-4" class="xref-aff" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/13/dc10-0996.abstract#aff-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;sup style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; "&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="contributor" id="contrib-5" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.7; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; white-space: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="name" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;a class="name-search" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/search?author1=Kelly+Smith&amp;amp;sortspec=date&amp;amp;submit=Submit" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: nowrap; "&gt;Kelly Smith&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="contrib-degrees" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, BS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a id="xref-aff-1-5" class="xref-aff" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/13/dc10-0996.abstract#aff-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;sup style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; "&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="contributor" id="contrib-6" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.7; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; white-space: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="name" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;a class="name-search" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/search?author1=Kazuhiko+Ito&amp;amp;sortspec=date&amp;amp;submit=Submit" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: nowrap; "&gt;Kazuhiko Ito&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="contrib-degrees" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, PHD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a id="xref-aff-2-1" class="xref-aff" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/13/dc10-0996.abstract#aff-2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;sup style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; "&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="last" id="contrib-7" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.7; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; white-space: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="name" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;a class="name-search" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/search?author1=Kirsten+Graff&amp;amp;sortspec=date&amp;amp;submit=Submit" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); white-space: nowrap; "&gt;Kirsten Graff&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="contrib-degrees" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;, BS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a id="xref-aff-1-6" class="xref-aff" href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/13/dc10-0996.abstract#aff-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;sup style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; "&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(64, 56, 56); font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode', Arial, 'Lucida Grande', Tahoma, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "&gt;&lt;div class="contributors" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;p class="affiliation-list-reveal" style="margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; "&gt;&lt;a href="http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/13/dc10-0996.abstract#" class="view-more" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: -2px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.4em; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 1px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.833em; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); background-color: white; display: block; float: left; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-right-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-left-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); width: 1.3em; height: 0.9em; cursor: pointer; "&gt;+&lt;/a&gt;Author Affiliations&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol class="affiliation-list hideaffil" style="margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 5%; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 5%; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; position: absolute; left: -9999px; width: 5000px; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; "&gt;&lt;li class="aff" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: list-item; "&gt;&lt;a id="aff-1" name="aff-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;address style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: normal; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; "&gt;&lt;sup style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; "&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Emergency Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, North Shore–Long Island Jewish Healthcare System, Long Island, New York&lt;/address&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="aff" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: list-item; "&gt;&lt;a id="aff-2" name="aff-2" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0.2em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;address style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: normal; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; "&gt;&lt;sup style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; "&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York&lt;/address&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ol class="corresp-list" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-type: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; "&gt;&lt;li class="corresp" id="corresp-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Corresponding author: Robert Silverman, &lt;a href="mailto:rsilverm@lij.edu" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: 0em; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(32, 32, 136); "&gt;rsilverm@lij.edu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="section abstract" id="abstract-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; clear: both; "&gt;&lt;h2 style="margin-top: 10px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); "&gt;Abstract&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div id="sec-1" class="subsection" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;p id="p-2" style="margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: 700; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;OBJECTIVE&lt;/strong&gt; Hemoglobin A&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt; (HbA&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt;) is recommended for identifying diabetes and prediabetes. Because HbA&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt; does not fluctuate with recent eating or acute illness, it can be measured in a variety of clinical settings. Although outpatient studies identified HbA&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt;-screening cutoff values for diabetes and prediabetes, HbA&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt;-screening thresholds have not been determined for acute-care settings. Using follow-up fasting blood glucose (FBG) and the 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as the criterion gold standard, we determined optimal HbA&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt;-screening cutoffs for undiagnosed dysglycemia in the emergency-department setting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id="sec-2" class="subsection" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;p id="p-3" style="margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: 700; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS&lt;/strong&gt; This was a prospective observational study of adults aged ≥18 years with no known history of hyperglycemia presenting to an emergency department with acute illness. Outpatient FBS and 2-h OGTT were performed after recovery from the acute illness, resulting in diagnostic categorizations of prediabetes, diabetes, and dysglycemia (prediabetes or diabetes). Optimal cutoffs were determined and performance data identified for cut points.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id="sec-3" class="subsection" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;p id="p-4" style="margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: 700; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;RESULTS&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 618 patients were included, with a mean age of 49.7 (±14.9) years and mean HbA&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt; of 5.68% (±0.86). On the basis of an OGTT, the prevalence of previously undiagnosed prediabetes and diabetes was 31.9 and 10.5%, respectively. The optimal HbA&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt;-screening cutoff for prediabetes was 5.7% (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.659, sensitivity = 55%, and specificity = 71%), for dysglycemia 5.8% (AUC = 0.717, sensitivity = 57%, and specificity = 79%), and for diabetes 6.0% (AUC = 0.868, sensitivity = 77%, and specificity = 87%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id="sec-4" class="subsection" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;p id="p-5" style="margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: 1.5; vertical-align: baseline; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-weight: 700; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;CONCLUSIONS&lt;/strong&gt; We identified HbA&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt; cut points to screen for prediabetes and diabetes in an emergency-department adult population. The values coincide with published outpatient study findings and suggest that an emergency-department visit provides an opportunity for HbA&lt;sub style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: 0.85em; font-family: inherit; line-height: 0; vertical-align: sub; "&gt;1c&lt;/sub&gt;-based dysglycemia screening.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul class="history-list" style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-type: none; clear: both; "&gt;&lt;li hwp="http://schema.highwire.org/Journal" class="received" start="2010-05-24" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5%; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="received-label" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Received &lt;/span&gt;May 24, 2010.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li hwp="http://schema.highwire.org/Journal" class="accepted" start="2011-06-13" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5%; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;span class="accepted-label" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Accepted &lt;/span&gt;June 13, 2011.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class="copyright-statement" style="margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 5%; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 5%; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-type: none; "&gt;&lt;li class="fn" id="copyright-statement-1" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5%; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-style: none; font-style: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;© 2011 by the American Diabetes Association.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5941242537839074586?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5941242537839074586/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/hbaic-as-screen-for-pre-diabetes-and.html#comment-form' title='9 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5941242537839074586'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5941242537839074586'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/hbaic-as-screen-for-pre-diabetes-and.html' title='HBAIc AS A SCREEN FOR PRE DIABETES AND DIABETES'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>9</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5922877797156175818</id><published>2011-08-09T12:23:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-08-09T12:25:26.121-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='DIABETES MELLITUS'/><title type='text'>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2011</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="width:477px" id="__ss_8810910"&gt; &lt;strong style="display:block;margin:12px 0 4px"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma/standards-of-medical-care-in-diabetes2011" title="Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2011" target="_blank"&gt;Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2011&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;iframe src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/8810910" width="477" height="510" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt; &lt;div style="padding:5px 0 12px"&gt; View more &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/" target="_blank"&gt;documents&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma" target="_blank"&gt;Hector Marrufo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5922877797156175818?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5922877797156175818/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/standards-of-medical-care-in.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5922877797156175818'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5922877797156175818'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/standards-of-medical-care-in.html' title='Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2011'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-597592971703955074</id><published>2011-08-09T12:00:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-08-09T12:01:45.901-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='LABORATORIO EN GINECO-OBSTETRICIA'/><title type='text'>EL LABORATORIO EN GINECO-OBSTETRICIA</title><content type='html'>LABORATORIO EN GINECO-OBSTETRICIA&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ICME3NGTr1Q/TkFnxhVr1bI/AAAAAAAAAPM/MLhOnBNGFYc/s1600/lab%2Bgineco.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 237px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ICME3NGTr1Q/TkFnxhVr1bI/AAAAAAAAAPM/MLhOnBNGFYc/s320/lab%2Bgineco.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5638902308905145778" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.4shared.com/document/I0DLOvqp/EL_LABORATORIO_CLINICO_EN_GINE.html"&gt;DESCARGAR AQUI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-597592971703955074?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/597592971703955074/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/el-laboratorio-en-gineco-obstetricia.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/597592971703955074'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/597592971703955074'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/08/el-laboratorio-en-gineco-obstetricia.html' title='EL LABORATORIO EN GINECO-OBSTETRICIA'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ICME3NGTr1Q/TkFnxhVr1bI/AAAAAAAAAPM/MLhOnBNGFYc/s72-c/lab%2Bgineco.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5051785062679380497</id><published>2011-07-26T15:15:00.005-05:00</published><updated>2011-07-26T15:23:01.579-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Consiguen que células tumorales del hígado recuperen la capacidad de autodestruirse</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;Investigadores del IDIBELL demuestran que la inhibición del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico activa mecanismos de muerte programada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-82wNXNImKhE/Ti8h2nE1l3I/AAAAAAAAAPE/uR9QDVW0GBc/s200/carcinoma-hepatocelular_540.jpg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 134px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5633758880949704562" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;La inhibición d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;l receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGFR) frena el crecimiento de células tumorales hepát&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;icas y las hace sensibles a la acción supresora de la citoquina TGF-beta, activando mecanismos de &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;muerte programada (apoptosis). Éste es el resultado de un estudio realizado por investigadores del Grupo de Claves Biológicas del Fenotipo Invasivo y Metastático del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBEL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;L), liderado por Isabel Fabregat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;Las conclusiones podrían dar lugar al desarrollo de nuevas terapias personalizadas contra el cáncer de hígado. El trabajo se publica en el número de agosto de la revista &lt;em&gt;Journal of Hepatology&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); "&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;El carcinoma hepatocelular es uno de los tumores con mayor mortalidad del mundo y el quinto más común. La aparición de este tumor está relacionada con varias alteraciones moleculares, siendo la más evidente la alteración de los mecanismos que regulan el equilibrio entre proliferación y muerte celular.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;El estudio tenía como objetivo la disección de la respuesta de las células tumorales al TGF-beta cuando anulamos la vía del EGFR. El TGF-beta está implicado en la regulación de varios procesos celulares. En lo referente a los tumores, se ha demostrado que tiene una función dual contradictoria. Por un lado, en estados iniciales induce la muerte celular programada, de forma que tiene una función supresora del crecimiento del tumor, pero en estados más avanzados favorece la migración y la invasión celular y, por lo tanto, la metástasis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background genético&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;La cancelación de la vía del EGFR se realizó farmacológicamente y silenciando su expresión mediante el uso de ARN de interferencia con los mismos resultados. La inhibición del receptor EGF no sólo atenuó la proliferación celular sino que también incrementó la función supresora del TGF-beta, por lo tanto podría tratarse de una diana terapéutica para el cáncer hepático. Ahora bien, este freno en el crecimiento de las células tumorales no se produce en todos los casos. Las líneas celulares que presentan determinadas alteraciones genéticas (en el funcionamiento del TGF-beta o en el de proteínas implicadas en la vía de señalización del EGFR pero en pasos posteriores al receptor) no responden a la inhibición del EGFR y las células tumorales continúan creciendo.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;La coordinadora del estudio, Isabel Fabregat, ha destacado que para realizar “una buena medicina personalizada es necesario analizar la biología molecular de las células tumorales del paciente, su fenotipo y su background genético y epigenético". "Así", añade, "podremos predecir qué pacientes son susceptibles a responder de manera efectiva al tratamiento y cuáles no”.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;El estudio se realizó en líneas celulares de hepatocarcinoma y en los próximos meses se iniciará un estudio con un modelo experimental en ratones.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.jhep-elsevier.com/article/S0168-8278(10)01172-4/abstract" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;Journal of Hepatology (2010); doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.10.041&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Tomado de:&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;JANO.es · 26 Julio 2011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5051785062679380497?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5051785062679380497/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/consiguen-que-celulas-tumorales-del.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5051785062679380497'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5051785062679380497'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/consiguen-que-celulas-tumorales-del.html' title='Consiguen que células tumorales del hígado recuperen la capacidad de autodestruirse'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-82wNXNImKhE/Ti8h2nE1l3I/AAAAAAAAAPE/uR9QDVW0GBc/s72-c/carcinoma-hepatocelular_540.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-2477142939668652962</id><published>2011-07-25T12:30:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-07-25T12:37:50.811-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>En mujeres jóvenes, la neoplasia intraepitelial cervical puede resolverse espontáneamente</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;p class="entradilla" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; "&gt;El análisis de un grupo de mujeres que se sometió a un tramiento conservador muestra que, en 6 de cada 10 casos, la regresión se produjo de manera natural.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;form name="vars"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;p&gt;En muchas mujeres jóvenes, la neoplasia intraepitelial cervical 2 (NIC2) puede resolverse espontáneamente, de acuerdo con un estudio publicado en &lt;em&gt;American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (AJOG).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"A nivel internacional cada año miles y miles de mujeres jóvenes con alteraciones moderadas detectadas en su frotis cervical, se someten a tratamiento. Hay evidencias que sugieren que este tratamiento puede aumentar el riesgo de parto prematuro", manifestó el coautor del trabajo, el Dr. Peter Sykes, de la University of Otago, Christchurch School of Medicine (Nueva Zelanda).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Este informe demuestra que una proporción significativa de anomalías cervicales moderadas en mujeres jóvenes se cura sin tratamiento", indicó. "Sin embargo, un número menor de estas mujeres presentan anomalías significativas que requieren tratamiento."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El equipo del Dr. Sykes revisó los datos de 452 mujeres menores de 25 años de edad con CIN2 y observó que algo más de la mitad de las mujeres (256, el 57%) fueron tratadas de inmediato; 157 (35%) recibieron un tratamiento conservador, seguido de colposcopia y citología normal. Los datos del resto de pacientes estaban incompletos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La duración media del seguimiento fue de ocho meses, momento en el que 98 mujeres (62%) del grupo de tratamiento conservador, mostraron una regresión espontánea. Aunque el resto presentaba una enfermedad persistente, no se registraron casos de progresión a cáncer invasivo en el seguimiento de hasta 2 años.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378(11)00814-3/abstract" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011;doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.069&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" &gt;Tomado de: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;JANO.es · 22 Julio 2011 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;form name="varscomentarios"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-2477142939668652962?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/2477142939668652962/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/en-mujeres-jovenes-la-neoplasia.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/2477142939668652962'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/2477142939668652962'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/en-mujeres-jovenes-la-neoplasia.html' title='En mujeres jóvenes, la neoplasia intraepitelial cervical puede resolverse espontáneamente'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-2238894183943450370</id><published>2011-07-19T14:17:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-07-19T14:22:55.072-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Descubren el área cerebral involucrada en el reconocimiento de los objetos</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;Una investigación publicada en 'Neuron' sugiere que el daño en la parte del cerebro que nos permite dicha actividad puede tener un impacto generalizado en partes remotas de la corteza.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wt9aQ0oEOWo/TiXY8qNZphI/AAAAAAAAAOk/faczbR3Tlrs/s200/cerebro_540.jpg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 197px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5631145445730919954" /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;                                                       &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt; Un estudio que e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;xa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;minó el cerebro de una persona con agnosia, es decir, la incapacidad para reconocer objetos, ha abierto una ventana al descubrimiento de los mecanismos que nos permiten o incapacitan para llevar a cabo dicha actividad. La investigación, publicada en &lt;em&gt;Neuron,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;describe la neuroanatomía funcional de la agnosia y sugiere que el daño en la parte del cerebro crucial para el reconocimiento de objetos puede tener un impacto generalizado en partes remotas de la corteza.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;     La agnosia de obj&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;etos es causada por una lesión cerebral que no acarrea perjuicios oculares o una pérdida general de la inteligencia. Sin embargo, existe cierta controversia acerca de cuál es la parte específica del cerebro que está relacionada con la agnosia de objetos. "Entender la base neuroanatómica de la agnosia de objetos puede arrojar luz sobre los mecanismos fundamentales para el reconocimiento de objetos", explica la autora principal del estudio, la doctora Christina Konen, de la Universidad de Princeton (Estados Unidos).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Con el fin de obtener nuevos conocimientos sobre la base neural de la agnosia de objetos, Konen y sus colaboradores utilizaron investigaciones de neuroimagen y de comportamiento para estudiar la respuesta visual y de selección de objeto en la corteza cerebral de los individuos controles sanos y de un paciente llamado SM que, tras el daño cerebral selectivo en el hemisferio derecho del cerebro, manifestó agnosia de objetos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Los investigadores descubrieron que la organización funcional de la parte inferior de la corteza visual, donde la imagen de la retina es inicialmente procesada, fue similar en el sujeto SM y en los sujetos control. Sin embargo, SM mostró una disminución en las respuestas de selección de objetos en el tejido cerebral dentro y alrededor de la lesión cerebral y en zonas corticales más distantes también implicadas en el reconocimiento de objetos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El área donde se reconocen los objetos&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Inesperadamente, la disminución en las respuestas de selección de objetos también se observó en las ubicaciones estructurales correspondientes al hemisferio izquierdo intacto de SM. Asimismo, se observó una reorganización funcional en regiones intactas del hemisferio derecho dañado de SM, lo que sugiere que la plasticidad neural tiene lugar incluso cuando el cerebro está dañado en la edad adulta.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Los autores concluyen que un área del cerebro llamada circunvolución fusiforme lateral derecha está críticamente involucrada en el reconocimiento de objetos y que los daños en esta zona pueden afectar también a regiones corticales distantes. "Hasta donde sabemos, este estudio constituye el análisis funcional más extenso del sustrato neuronal subyacente de la agnosia de objetos y ofrece una poderosa evidencia acerca de las representaciones neurales involucradas en la percepción de objetos en la visión normal," concluye Konen.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cell.com/neuron/abstract/S0896-6273(11)00481-8" target="_blank" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;Neuron (2011); doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.030&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-2238894183943450370?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/2238894183943450370/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/descubren-el-area-cerebral-involucrada.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/2238894183943450370'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/2238894183943450370'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/descubren-el-area-cerebral-involucrada.html' title='Descubren el área cerebral involucrada en el reconocimiento de los objetos'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wt9aQ0oEOWo/TiXY8qNZphI/AAAAAAAAAOk/faczbR3Tlrs/s72-c/cerebro_540.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-8891300260223617549</id><published>2011-07-19T12:59:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-07-19T13:01:05.055-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Dormir en exceso aumenta el riesgo cardiovascular</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;p class="entradilla" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; "&gt;La Fundación Española del Corazón (FEC) alerta de que algunos de los hábitos veraniegos que a priori parecen saludables, como dormir más horas de las aconsejadas, pueden resultar igualmente peligrosos para el corazón.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;form name="vars"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;La Fundación Española del Corazón (FEC) alerta de que algunos de los hábitos veraniegos que a priori nos parecen muy saludables, como dormir en exceso, tanto durante la noche como durante el día, pueden resultar igualmente peligrosos para la salud cardiovascular.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;Un estudio realizado por el West Virginia University School of Medicine en el que participaron 30.397 adultos mostró que, aquellos que dormían cinco horas o menos presentaban un riesgo dos veces mayor de desarrollar problemas cardiovasculares en comparación con los participantes que descansaban siete horas. Pero, sorprendentemente, aquellos que dedicaban nueve o más horas diarias al sueño también aumentaron 1,57 veces su riesgo cardiovascular respecto a los que dormían las horas recomendadas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Dormir poco activa factores metabólicos y endocrinos perjudiciales para la salud, pero dormir más horas de las recomendadas puede relacionarse con disturbios y calidad del sueño, lo que condiciona alteraciones de parámetros cardiovasculares”, apunta el Dr. Lorenzo Silva Melchor, miembro de la FEC y cardiólogo de la Unidad Coronaria del Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de Madrid. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Otros consejos que la FEC ofrece a los cardiópatas durante las vacaciones son: procurar acordarse de seguir tomando la medicación adecuada a pesar del cambio de rutinas y viajar siempre con la dosificación apuntada y con un informe médico actualizado por si se padece alguna descompensación fuera de casa y el enfermo debe ser atendido por otro cardiólogo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;Tomado de JANO.es · 15 Julio 2011 14:07&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;div class="content" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;form name="varscomentarios"&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-8891300260223617549?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/8891300260223617549/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/dormir-en-exceso-aumenta-el-riesgo.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8891300260223617549'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8891300260223617549'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/dormir-en-exceso-aumenta-el-riesgo.html' title='Dormir en exceso aumenta el riesgo cardiovascular'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5895652136350381542</id><published>2011-07-13T14:09:00.006-05:00</published><updated>2011-07-13T14:15:23.333-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Descubren la función cicatrizante de los pericitos en las lesiones medulares</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;Un estudio muestra que estas células del sistema circulatorio intervienen en la formación de cicatrices tras una lesión en la médula espinal, un rol que, hasta ahora, sólo se adjudicaba a los astrocitos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Georgia, 'Book Antiqua', serif; font-style: italic; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-gBGaMh1xDDg/Th3uXRvRr5I/AAAAAAAAAOc/wlDraLWunZA/s200/untitled_540.jpg" style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 200px; height: 198px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5628917192949084050" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;El tejido perdido después de una lesión en el sistema nervioso central (SNC) se regenera de manera limitada. La &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;herida se 'cubre' con una cicatriz, de textura diferente a la de la piel, en la que abundan los astrocitos, células gliales del SNC que dan apoyo a las neuronas. De ahí que la cicatriz se conozca como ‘cicatriz glial’. Ahora, investigadores del Instituto Karolinska de Estocolmo (Suecia), en colaboración con el Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), han descubierto que los pericitos, células del sistema sanguíneo, también &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;desempeñan un importante papel en la formación de cicatrices.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;      Los resultados, publicados esta semana en la revista &lt;em&gt;Science,&lt;/em&gt; revelan que estas células se dividen tras una herida y crean una masa de tejido conectivo que, como si de un hilo de coser se tratara, migra hacia la lesión para formar la cicatriz. El estudio señala, asimismo, que estas células son necesarias para recuperar todo el tejido, ya que su ause&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;ncia crea ‘agujeros’ en él e impide una cicatrización correcta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; "&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;"Conocer el origen de la gran población de células que forman las cicatrices tras una lesión en la médula espinal es esencial para poder manipular este proceso y facilitar la regeneración”, declara a SINC Christian Göritz, autor principal del estudio e investigador del departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular del Instituto Karolisnka de Estocolmo (Suecia).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Facilitar la cicatrización&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Durante años, los científicos se han concentrado en las células gliales para entender cómo se forman las cicatrices tras una lesión en el SNC y facilitar, así, la recuperación del tejido afectado. Tras descubrir que los pericitos también intervienen en este proceso, Göritz cree que “ahora se deben fijar estrategias para modular estas células y facilitar la cicatrización”.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; "&gt;Para realizar el estudio, los investigadores usaron ratones genéticamente modificados y observaron la reacción de los pericitos ante una lesión en la médula espinal durante siete meses. Transcurridos nueve días, el número de células aumentó un 25% en la zona de la lesión y, dos semanas después, el doble. Sin embargo, cuando los científicos limitaron la cantidad de pericitos, las lesiones permanecieron abiertas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/333/6039/238.abstract" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(25, 114, 192); text-decoration: none; "&gt;Science, Vol. 333, 8 de Julio de 2011. doi: 10.1126/science.1203165&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;tomado de: &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;JANO.es y agencias · 13 Julio 2011 14:24&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5895652136350381542?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5895652136350381542/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/descubren-la-funcion-cicatrizante-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5895652136350381542'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5895652136350381542'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/07/descubren-la-funcion-cicatrizante-de.html' title='Descubren la función cicatrizante de los pericitos en las lesiones medulares'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-gBGaMh1xDDg/Th3uXRvRr5I/AAAAAAAAAOc/wlDraLWunZA/s72-c/untitled_540.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-7346010812474717408</id><published>2011-06-29T10:39:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-29T10:59:45.941-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PROTEINA S-100'/><title type='text'>PROTEINA S-100</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;PRESENTACION CLASE IMPARTIDA POR EL  DR. NESTOR AMARO GUTIERREZ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;ROTACION PATOLOGIA CLINICA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;MODULO MEDICINA INTERNA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;DEPARTAMENTO DE MEDICINA Y NUTRICION &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;UG CAMPUS LEON&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div style="width:425px" id="__ss_8459910"&gt; &lt;strong style="display:block;margin:12px 0 4px"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma/marcador-proteina-s-100" title="Marcador proteina s 100" target="_blank"&gt;Marcador proteina s 100&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;iframe src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/8459910" width="425" height="355" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt; &lt;div style="padding:5px 0 12px"&gt; View more &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/" target="_blank"&gt;presentations&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://www.slideshare.net/drecma" target="_blank"&gt;Hector Marrufo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-7346010812474717408?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/7346010812474717408/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/proteina-s-100.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7346010812474717408'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/7346010812474717408'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/proteina-s-100.html' title='PROTEINA S-100'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-1827831946449355787</id><published>2011-06-29T10:21:00.005-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-29T10:35:07.076-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='PRUEBAS DE FUNCIONAMIENTO RENAL'/><title type='text'>FUNCION TUBULAR</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;PRESENTACION CLASE PRUEBAS DE FUNCIONAMIENTO RENAL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;ROTACION  DE PATOLOGIA CLINICA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;MODULO MEDICINA INTERNA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;DEPARTAMENTO DE MEDICINA Y NUTRICION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;ALUMNO: FRANCISCO JAVIER ARMAS ZARATE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;object id="doc_46494" name="doc_46494" height="600" width="100%" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" data="http://d1.scribdassets.com/ScribdViewer.swf" style="outline:none;"&gt;            &lt;param name="movie" value="http://d1.scribdassets.com/ScribdViewer.swf"&gt;             &lt;param name="wmode" value="opaque"&gt;             &lt;param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff"&gt;             &lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;             &lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"&gt;             &lt;param name="FlashVars" value="document_id=58978113&amp;amp;access_key=key-1pz9zxktjm32o4k0rfl7&amp;amp;page=1&amp;amp;viewMode=slideshow"&gt;             &lt;embed id="doc_46494" name="doc_46494" src="http://d1.scribdassets.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=58978113&amp;amp;access_key=key-1pz9zxktjm32o4k0rfl7&amp;amp;page=1&amp;amp;viewMode=slideshow" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" height="600" width="100%" wmode="opaque" bgcolor="#ffffff"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;         &lt;/object&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script src="http://www.scribd.com/javascripts/view2.js" type="text/javascript"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-1827831946449355787?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/1827831946449355787/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/funcion-tubular.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1827831946449355787'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/1827831946449355787'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/funcion-tubular.html' title='FUNCION TUBULAR'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-8339823427323495726</id><published>2011-06-28T09:28:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-28T10:28:12.637-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>FDA Prepares for Nanomedicine Revolution</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; "&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;June 21, 2011 — New technology now makes it possible to create atomic-scale drug particles, diagnostic tools, and biological medical devices -- and the FDA is struggling to regulate the fast-growing field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Noting the "critical need to learn more" about the impact of nanotechnology on medicines and medical devices, the FDA has issued a warning that it intends to regulate the field -- and has asked for help in understanding the impact the new technology will have on FDA-regulated products.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;It's a welcome development, says nanomedicine developer Gang Bao, PhD, director of the Center for Pediatric Nanomedicine, a joint project of the Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;"It is a great thing that FDA now pays attention to nanotechnology," Bao tells WebMD. "We can always publish scientific papers, but what we really want to do is have nanomedicine used in the clinic: for drug delivery, diagnosis, or treatment using nanomachines. Without FDA approval we cannot do that. So therefore this is a very important advance."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Nanotechnology already is a trillion-dollar industry spanning fields from agriculture to product packaging. It springs from new technology that makes it possible to manipulate matter at the atomic scale. The application of this technology to medicine is truly revolutionary, says Jamey Marth, PhD, director of the Sanford Burnham Center for Nanomedicine at the University of California, Santa Barbara.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;"It will be comparable to what occurred 50 or so years ago when Watson and Crick discovered the structure of DNA and its role in biology," Marth tells WebMD. "We are going to witness a huge increase in the understanding of disease and in the ability to treat, detect, and ultimately cure disease with nanomedicine."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;What Is Nanomedicine?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;It's difficult, but important, to grasp the scale of the nano world. A nanometer (nm) is a billionth of a meter. A single sugar molecule is 1 nm in diameter; the DNA helix is 2 nm in diameter. A typical virus is 75 nm in size. A red blood cell is 7,000 times larger than a nanometer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;"Why this size? Inside a living cell we have proteins, we have DNA molecules, etc., all on a nanoscale," Bao says.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;"Just a few decades ago, a computer used to be the size of a room," says Marth. "Now everyone has a laptop. It's the same thing in biology. We are seeing the miniaturization of biology, which will rapidly change the way we do research and develop drugs."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;By allowing scientists to take such a close look at biological processes, nanotechnology offers new tools to understand what causes disease. We've been able to learn a lot by cracking the DNA code. But genetics doesn't tell us all the biology we need to know.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;"We have not been able to answer all of the questions about a lot of important diseases -- grievous diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, diseases of aging, cancer. All these diseases have some genetic underpinning, but the genetic role is partial," says Marth. "What nanomedicine is able to do is to begin to identify and interrogate those processes which are outside our genetic inheritance."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;That's only part of the story. Nanotechnology also offers powerful new tools to treat disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;The FDA already has approved two cancer drugs based on nanotechnology: Abraxane and Doxil, which package cancer drugs into nanoscale lipid droplets and allow higher chemotherapy doses with fewer side effects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Second-generation drugs of this type will carry nanoparticles on their surfaces that not only target the drugs to cancer cells, but also allow them to penetrate deep into tumors. The FDA has given the green light to clinical trials of Cornell dots -- nanoscale silicon cages that carry nanoparticles to tumor cells.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Marth says that nanomedicine will speed the discovery of biomarkers that identify diseased cells. Once these biomarkers are found, they can be used to bind therapeutic nanoparticles only to the cells that need them, leaving normal cells alone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Bao's team is pioneering another approach: using nanoparticles to repair genetic mutations. Their first target will be the mutation that causes sickle cell disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;"We are trying to develop nanodevices to fix this mutation," Bao says. "We use a nanoscissors -- technically a zinc finger nuclease -- to cut the DNA at a pre-described location. At the same time, we supply a piece of DNA that has no mutation. In repairing the DNA cut, the cell actually uses the template we supply."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;Is Nanomedicine Safe?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;A major task for the FDA will be to set guidelines for demonstrating that new nanomedicines are safe. But Marth says there are both toxic and nontoxic approaches to nanomedicine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;"We will have to do clinical trials, but we are not adding poisonous materials to the body," he argues. "The way forward is to take natural products, rearrange them in ways that do new things, but allow them to be degraded normally in the body."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Even so, Bao says the FDA guidance will be important, as materials that behave one way on a normal scale can behave quite differently at a nanoscale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;"There might be some unique features of nanoparticles that induce some toxic effects," Bao suggests. "If they could get into the body, stay in the cells, not be cleared, there might be some harmful effects down the road, and we need to understand that. We do not think the particles we use have any intrinsic toxicity, but we need to know this for sure."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; "&gt;Daniel J. DeNoon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; "&gt;From &lt;a href="http://www.webmd.com/news" style="color: rgb(0, 66, 118); text-decoration: none; "&gt;WebMD Health News&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; "&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;small&gt;SOURCES:&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;small&gt;Jamey Marth, PhD, director and professor, Center for Nanomedicine, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara.&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;small&gt;Gang Bao, PhD, professor of biomedical engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology; director, Center for Pediatric Nanomedicine, Emory University/Georgia Institute of Technology/Children's Hospital of Atlanta.&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-8339823427323495726?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/8339823427323495726/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/fda-prepares-for-nanomedicine.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8339823427323495726'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/8339823427323495726'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/fda-prepares-for-nanomedicine.html' title='FDA Prepares for Nanomedicine Revolution'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-4507153450787014737</id><published>2011-06-28T09:13:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-28T09:15:05.283-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>RETROALIMENTACION CASO CLINICO NEFROLOGIA</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;What is the most likely diagnosis?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Prerenal ARF due to volume depletion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;How to confirm the diagnosis?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;UA.&lt;div&gt;Urinary sodium and creatinine to calculate the fractional excretion of sodium (FENA).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;What other tests would you order?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;BMP in 6 and 24 hours.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Renal ultrasound to rule out urinary obstruction and nephrolithiasis.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;What treatment would you start for this patient?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Insulin 10 units IV with D50, 1amp. IV x 1.&lt;br /&gt;Kayexalate 45 gm po x 1.&lt;br /&gt;Foley catheter.&lt;br /&gt;Strict I/O.&lt;br /&gt;NS at 150 cc/hr x 2 L, then 125 cc/hr, adjust the rate of IVF according to I/O, avoid fluid overload.&lt;br /&gt;Hold ACEi and NSAIDs&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;What happened?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;FENA of 0.77 % confirmed the diagnosis of prerenal failure.&lt;br /&gt;Renal U/S ruled out urinary obstruction.&lt;br /&gt;The patient had good urine output with IVF and was in a positive fluid balance.&lt;br /&gt;Potassium normalized after treatment with Kayexalate, Insulin and D50.&lt;br /&gt;There was a downward trend in BUN and creatinine.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;Final diagnosis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Prerenal Acute Renal Failure due to Volume Depletion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;What did we learn from this case?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;ARF is frequently defined as an acute increase of the serum creatinine level by 25 % from baseline.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) is useful in diagnosing pre-renal ARF. FENa is less than 1 % in many patients with prerenal ARF. Intravenous hydration is the mainstay of treatment.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-4507153450787014737?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/4507153450787014737/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/retroalimentacion-caso-clinico_28.html#comment-form' title='2 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4507153450787014737'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4507153450787014737'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/retroalimentacion-caso-clinico_28.html' title='RETROALIMENTACION CASO CLINICO NEFROLOGIA'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-440179315476959676</id><published>2011-06-24T13:35:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-24T13:36:25.888-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='VAGINITIS'/><title type='text'>VAGINITIS DIAGNOSIS</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;&lt;object style="width:420px;height:272px"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://static.issuu.com/webembed/viewers/style1/v1/IssuuViewer.swf?mode=embed&amp;amp;showFlipBtn=true&amp;amp;documentId=110624180530-214b0d4033ae41afa92fe56c9e09764c&amp;amp;docName=vaginosis&amp;amp;username=drecma&amp;amp;loadingInfoText=Vaginitis%20Diagnosis&amp;amp;et=1308940499807&amp;amp;er=18"&gt;&lt;param name="allowfullscreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="menu" value="false"&gt;&lt;embed src="http://static.issuu.com/webembed/viewers/style1/v1/IssuuViewer.swf" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" menu="false" style="width:420px;height:272px" flashvars="mode=embed&amp;amp;showFlipBtn=true&amp;amp;documentId=110624180530-214b0d4033ae41afa92fe56c9e09764c&amp;amp;docName=vaginosis&amp;amp;username=drecma&amp;amp;loadingInfoText=Vaginitis%20Diagnosis&amp;amp;et=1308940499807&amp;amp;er=18"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div style="width:420px;text-align:left;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://issuu.com/drecma/docs/vaginosis?mode=embed&amp;amp;showFlipBtn=true" target="_blank"&gt;Open publication&lt;/a&gt; - Free &lt;a href="http://issuu.com" target="_blank"&gt;publishing&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href="http://issuu.com/search?q=diagnostico" target="_blank"&gt;More diagnostico&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-440179315476959676?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/440179315476959676/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/vaginitis-diagnosis.html#comment-form' title='7 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/440179315476959676'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/440179315476959676'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/vaginitis-diagnosis.html' title='VAGINITIS DIAGNOSIS'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-5746803079830610653</id><published>2011-06-23T15:12:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-23T15:14:15.134-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>NT-proBNP Beats CRP at Predicting CV Risk in Older Patients</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;h1 style="position: relative; font-family: palatino, serif; font-size: 1.75em; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 51, 102); margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 5px; "&gt;NT-proBNP Beats CRP at Predicting CV Risk in Older Patients&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; "&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;June 22, 2011 (London, United Kingdom) — N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was better than C-reactive protein (CRP) at predicting major cardiovascular events in older men with and without preexisting cardiovascular disease in a new prospective study [1].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;The study, published in the June 28, 2011 issue of the &lt;em&gt;Journal of the American College of Cardiology&lt;/em&gt;, was led by &lt;b&gt;Dr Goya Wannamethee&lt;/b&gt; (University College London, UK).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Wannamethee commented to &lt;b&gt;heart&lt;em&gt;wire&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/b&gt;: "Other studies have shown that BNP can predict cardiovascular events, but the novel thing in our study is that we have shown that it is useful in stratifying patients when added on top of the risk factors we already use, ie, the Framingham score."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;She noted that this particular study's results were applicable only to the older population (over 60). "We are saying than NT-proBNP seems particularly useful in this older population, where blood pressure and cholesterol are not as reliable predictors as they are in middle-aged people. Also, our study was only in men and mostly Europeans, so we would like to see confirmation in other populations. But our results do appear to suggest that BNP more useful than CRP for risk prediction in this older population. I would say it is the best marker of risk so far in this population."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;This is the second study showing NT-proBNP to be a useful risk predictor to be reported this week, with an analysis from &lt;b&gt;ASCOT&lt;/b&gt; presented at the &lt;b&gt;European Society of Hypertension&lt;/b&gt; (ESH)&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.medscape.com/viewcollection/32060" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(0, 66, 118); text-decoration: none; "&gt;European Meeting on Hypertension 2011&lt;/a&gt; this past weekend showing the marker to predict cardiovascular events in a hypertensive population without preexisting cardiovascular disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;In this study, 3649 men age 60 to 79 years were followed for a mean of nine years, during which there were 608 major cardiovascular events. Results showed that NT-proBNP was significantly associated with risk of all major cardiovascular outcomes after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors in both men with and without cardiovascular disease, whereas CRP was associated with cardiovascular outcomes only in men without preexisting cardiovascular disease and was a weaker predictor than NT-proBNP.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;Adjusted Hazard Ratios (95% CI) for Future Cardiovascular Events&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr valign="top"&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;Measure&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;Men without preexisting CV disease&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;Men with preexisting CV disease&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr valign="top"&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;NT-proBNP&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;1.49 (1.33–1.65)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;1.52 (1.33–1.75)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr valign="top"&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;CRP&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;1.22 (1.10–1.34)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;1.00 (0.86–1.38)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;When incorporated into a model including Framingham data, NT-proBNP significantly improved the ability to predict cardiovascular events, as shown by an improvement in the C statistic, whereas CRP did not improve prediction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;Net Reclassification Improvement in C Statistic (%) When Added to Framingham Data&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr valign="top"&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;Measure&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;Men without preexisting CV disease&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;Men with preexisting CV disease&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr valign="top"&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;NT-proBNP&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;8.8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;8.2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr valign="top"&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;CRP&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;3.8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.05em; "&gt;0.6&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;Wannamethee said: "NT-proBNP has traditionally been thought of a marker of heart failure. But this study was done in the general population, so it is obviously picking up something else here--not just heart failure. It predicts CHD events and stroke as well as heart failure."&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="margin-top: 5px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; overflow-x: visible; overflow-y: visible; "&gt;She noted: "It's still at an early stage. It's not going to be used routinely any time soon, but I would hope that this study will stimulate further research to look at its potential role in general practice. This would involve thinking about how it would fit in with other tests and who it would best be used in." She also pointed out that NT-proBNP was also more specific for cardiovascular disease than CRP, which tended to be elevated in most major diseases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; "&gt;&lt;h4 style="color: rgb(48, 48, 48); font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.95em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; "&gt;References&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;Wannamethee SG, Welsh P, Lowe GD, et al. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide is a more useful predictor of cardiovascular disease risk than C-reactive protein in older men with and without preexisting cardiovascular disease. &lt;em&gt;J Am Coll Cardiol &lt;/em&gt;2011; 58:56–64.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-5746803079830610653?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/5746803079830610653/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/nt-probnp-beats-crp-at-predicting-cv.html#comment-form' title='9 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5746803079830610653'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/5746803079830610653'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/nt-probnp-beats-crp-at-predicting-cv.html' title='NT-proBNP Beats CRP at Predicting CV Risk in Older Patients'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>9</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-4604848653192280003</id><published>2011-06-23T14:32:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-23T14:36:17.157-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='NOTICIAS'/><title type='text'>Statin Therapy Tied to Lower Prostate Cancer Risk</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;span class="mainstory" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 22px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(33, 53, 96); font-weight: bold; "&gt;Statin Therapy Tied to Lower Prostate Cancer Risk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="subhead" style="text-decoration: none; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Lower risk of cancer detected at initial biopsy, reduced risk of moderate to high-grade cancer&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  &gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 22px;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;table class="articletext" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;THURSDAY, June 23 (HealthDay News) -- Statin therapy may decrease the risk and severity of prostate cancer, according to a study published in the July issue of &lt;i&gt;The Journal of Urology&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nelly Tan, M.D., from the Yale-New Haven Hospital in Connecticut, and colleagues investigated the association between statin therapy and prostate cancer in men who underwent prostate biopsy. Between 2000 and 2007, 4,204 men underwent biopsy, including 1,022 men on statin therapy and 3,182 men not on statin therapy. Statin use was assessed on the basis of pharmacy records. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effects of statins and the duration of use.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The investigators found that men diagnosed with prostate cancer while on statin therapy were significantly less likely to have digital rectal examination positivity (odds ratio [OR], 0.7), high-grade prostate cancer (Gleason score 7 or greater; OR, 0.78), and high-volume prostate cancer, compared to nonstatin users. Prostate-specific antigen was significantly lower in statin users compared to nonstatin users. After adjustments, the risk ratio (RR) was significantly lower for prostate cancer diagnosis, high-grade prostate cancer, and high-volume (three or more cores positive) in statin users (RR, 0.92, 0.76, and 0.86, respectively). Length of use was associated with a lower rate of high-grade cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;"This study provides evidence that patients screened for prostate cancer who use statins are less likely to have cancer detected at the time of initial biopsy, less likely to have moderate to high-grade prostate cancer and more likely to have lower prostate cancer volume compared to nonstatin users," the authors write.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;One of the study authors disclosed financial ties to the pharmaceutical and medical device industries.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align="right"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; "&gt;&lt;span class="articletext" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, 'sans serif'; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-weight: normal; "&gt;Copyright © 2011 &lt;a href="http://www.physiciansbriefing.com/" target="_new"&gt;HealthDay&lt;/a&gt;. All rights reserved.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-4604848653192280003?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/4604848653192280003/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/statin-therapy-tied-to-lower-prostate.html#comment-form' title='7 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4604848653192280003'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/4604848653192280003'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/statin-therapy-tied-to-lower-prostate.html' title='Statin Therapy Tied to Lower Prostate Cancer Risk'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-3931638827865133248</id><published>2011-06-23T11:17:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-23T11:25:32.834-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APREDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS (CASO CLINICO)</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; font-size: small; "&gt;A 67-year-old African American male is admitted to the hospital with chief complaint of generalized weakness and potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. His laboratory results show acute renal failure (ARF). The patient has severe osteoarthritis and takes high-dose nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In the recent heat wave, he noticed that he did not go to bathroom as often as he used to for the last 2-3 days.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;Past medical history (PMH)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Obesity, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), hypertension (HTN), osteoarthritis (OA).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;Medications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Motrin (ibuprofen), Percocet (oxycodone with acetaminophen), oxycodone, lisinopril.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;Physical examination&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;VSS.&lt;br /&gt;HEENT: Dry mucosal membranes (MM).&lt;br /&gt;Chest: CTA (B).&lt;br /&gt;CVS: Clear S1S2.&lt;br /&gt;Abdomen: Soft, NT, ND, +BS.&lt;br /&gt;Extremities: no c/c/e.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;Laboratory results&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; BUN/Cr were normal several months ago.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-WdBp4xBocDk/TgNosyPPBWI/AAAAAAAAANk/e8cd7oPjA9E/s320/LAB.jpg" style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 157px;" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5621451878497715554" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; font-size: small; "&gt;What is the most likely diagnosis?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;How to confirm the diagnosis?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;What other tests would you order?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; font-size: small; "&gt;What treatment would you start for this patient?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-3931638827865133248?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/3931638827865133248/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/apredizaje-basado-en-problemas-caso.html#comment-form' title='7 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3931638827865133248'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/3931638827865133248'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/apredizaje-basado-en-problemas-caso.html' title='APREDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS (CASO CLINICO)'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-WdBp4xBocDk/TgNosyPPBWI/AAAAAAAAANk/e8cd7oPjA9E/s72-c/LAB.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-9042150987203152483</id><published>2011-06-23T10:55:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-23T11:00:35.836-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>RETROALIMENTACION CASO CLINICO NEFROLOGIA</title><content type='html'>CASO CLINICO: &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;h2 style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 94, 144); background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Insuficiencia renal e hipertensión&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;En ausencia de tratamiento antihipertensivo, la lesión renal es muy frecuente en pacientes con hipertensión arterial esencial. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;En este sentido, Perera et al describió cómo la proteinuria estaba presente en el 42 % y la insuficiencia renal crónica en el 18 % de una serie de 500 hipertensos no tratados, seguidos hasta su fallecimiento (1). El desarrollo del tratamiento antihipertensivo ha supuesto una mejoría espectacular en el pronóstico renal y cardiovascular de los pacientes hipertensos (2,3).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;Sin embargo, algunas evidencias indican que el pronóstico de la función renal no es tan bueno en dichos pacientes. Entre ellas están: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;blockquote style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 21px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: '', ''; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 21px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: '', ''; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;a)&lt;/strong&gt; el aumento en la prevalencia de nefroangioesclerosis como una causa de insuficiencia renal terminal en pacientes que inician un tratamiento de diálisis, tanto en Estados Unidos como en Europa (4,5);&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;b)&lt;/strong&gt; el descenso progresivo de la función renal en un porcentaje significativo de hipertensos esenciales tratados descrito por diferentes grupos (6-8);&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;c)&lt;/strong&gt; la asociación observada entre la presión arterial y la creatinina sérica, consistente con la hipótesis de que las elevaciones de la presión arterial, incluso por debajo del rango hipertensivo, pueden inducir lesión renal de forma precoz (9);&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;d)&lt;/strong&gt; la descripción de Pergener y cols. de que, en EEUU, una de cada trece personas hipertensas (7.7 %) puede desarrollar hipercreatininemia (10), y&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;e)&lt;/strong&gt; la presencia de proteinuria en porcentajes que oscilan entre el 4 y el 16 % en diferentes series de pacientes hipertensos tratados (11,12). Todos estos argumentos indican que la insuficiencia renal es aún prevalente en la hipertensión esencial, incluso considerando que la determinación de creatinina sérica es un método pobre para estimar la evolución de la función renal, especialmente en los estadios iniciales de la insuficiencia renal crónica.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;FACTORES METABOLICOS ASOCIADOS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;La nefroangioesclerosis se acompaña de niveles inicialmente más elevados tanto de presión arterial sistólica y diastólica, predominio de sexo masculino, niveles inicialmente superiores de ácido úrico sérico y triglicéridos, y niveles más bajos de HDL-colesterol. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;Un análisis de regresión logística múltiple identificó las presiones diastólica y sistólica, el ácido úrico sérico y los triglicéridos como factores predictores independientes del desarrollo de nefroangioesclerosis. Adicionalmente, en pacientes con nefroangioesclerosis y glucemia en ayunas normal, un test de tolerancia oral de glucosa permitió el diagnóstico de diabetes tipo 2 en un 52% de los casos (13).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;EVOLUCION Y PRONOSTICO&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;El incremento en la prevalencia de nefroangioesclerosis y el aumento en el riesgo cardiovascular que acompaña la existencia de insuficiencia renal crónica ha conducido a la búsqueda de factores predictores de mal pronóstico. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;En ese sentido, el control de la glucemia y de la presión arterial sistólica, particularmente en el sexo masculino, disminuye la frecuencia de función renal deteriorada (14). Se ha descrito un alto grado de lesión en vasos renales en aquellos pacientes hipertensos que presentan hiperuricemia en presencia de una tasa de filtración glomerular normal (15). Incluso, la presencia de hiperuricemia parece ligada a un peor pronóstico renal para los mismos niveles de control de la presión arterial (16).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;TRATAMIENTO: CIFRAS OPTIMAS DE CONTROL Y FARMACOS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;Son dos las cuestiones a tener en cuenta a la hora de mejorar el pronóstico renal de los pacientes con nefroangioesclerosis: los valores de presión arterial más apropiados en que el paciente debe mantenerse, y la utilidad de los distintos grupos de fármacos antihipertensivos en cuanto a protección renal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;Es sabido que un control estricto de la presión arterial retarda la pérdida de función renal en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica y proteinuria superior a los 3 g/día (17). Por tanto, el objetivo de presión arterial en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica y proteinuria superior a 1 g/día debe ser de 125/75 mmHg (18). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;En este sentido, el estudio HOT ha demostrado que la presencia de insuficiencia renal leve no impide la consecución de un adecuado control de la presión arterial, pero dicha insuficiencia renal se acompaña de un incremento significativo del riesgo cardiovascular. El adecuado control de la presión arterial protege la función renal en la mayoría de los pacientes, pero no impide el deterioro de la función renal en un pequeño porcentaje de dichos pacientes (19).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;Los inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina II (IECA) constituyen el grupo farmacológico que ha demostrado un mayor beneficio en la evolución de distintas nefropatías, tanto diabética como no diabéticas (18,20). En la hipertensión esencial, los IECA han demostrado ser más eficaces que los diuréticos, los betabloqueantes y los calcioantagonistas en la reducción de la excreción urinaria de albúmina (21). Además, estos fármacos han mostrado que facilitan la regresión del remodelado vascular (22) y que mejoran la función endotelial en arteriolas de resistencia (23) en pacientes hipertensos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; "&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;div style="font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;TOMADO DE  CASOS CLINICOS SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE NEFROLOGIA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/414750520900395873-9042150987203152483?l=rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/feeds/9042150987203152483/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/retroalimentacion-caso-clinico.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/9042150987203152483'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/414750520900395873/posts/default/9042150987203152483'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://rotacionpatologiaclinica.blogspot.com/2011/06/retroalimentacion-caso-clinico.html' title='RETROALIMENTACION CASO CLINICO NEFROLOGIA'/><author><name>Dr. Hector Marrufo Ortega</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13999244103373210137</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_OlWPm4QFGsc/SKDYuyuXBgI/AAAAAAAAAB0/D5WnNXyMbrY/s1600-R/DE.JPG'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-414750520900395873.post-9157110353072174909</id><published>2011-06-17T10:28:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-17T10:29:31.390-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO'/><title type='text'>APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN UN CASO CLINICO</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial; font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt; ANAMNESIS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;blockquote style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 21px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: '', ''; "&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Varón de 71 años con antecedentes personales de: HTA de larga evolución tratada con dos fármacos, miocardiopatía hipertensiva con hipoquinesia generalizada, fibrilación auricular crónica en tratamiento con digoxina y anticoagulación oral.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ha presentado varios episodios de insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva. Además, presenta una hipercolesterolemia moderada, hiperuricemia con varios episodios de artritis gotosa, y un síndrome prostático en seguimiento por su urólogo de zona desde hace 6 años. No presenta diabetes. No refiere hábitos tóxicos ni alergias conocidas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Motivo de consulta: es remitido a la consulta de Nefrología por su médico de familia por presentar en una analítica rutinaria unas cifras de creatinina plasmática de 1.7 mg/dl y una proteinuria de 150 mg/dl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;En su situación basal presenta una disnea de pequeños esfuerzos, sin ortopnea, ni angina, con claudicación intermitente a los 300 metros.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Antecedentes familiares: madre hipertensa, padre fallecido por cardiopatía, un hermano y un hijo hipertensos.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Antecedentes nefrourológicos: No ha presentado hematuria ni litiasis. Tampoco refiere infecciones urinarias.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Tratamiento habitual: Amiodarona 200 mg/d, Nifedipina retard 30 mg/12h, Digital 0.25 mg/d, Sintron según controles, Alopurinol 100mg/d, Torasemida 10 mg/d.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;2) EXPLORACIÓN FÍSICA:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;blockquote style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 21px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: '', ''; "&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Peso 84 kgs. Talla 170 cms. IMC 29. TA 170/100 mmHg. FC 84 lpm.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Consciente, orientado, obeso, bien hidratado y perfundido. Rubicundez facial. Eupneico, tolera decúbito.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Cabeza y cuello: Carótidas arrítmicas, simétricas, con soplo carotídeo derecho. No ingurgitación yugular.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Tórax: AC: Arrítmico a 84 lpm, sin soplos. AP: murmullo vesicular conservado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Abdomen: Blando, depresible, no doloroso, no masas ni megalias, no soplos, peristaltismo conservado.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Extremidades: Leves edemas maleolares, pulsos femorales palpables. Soplo en ambas femorales. Soplos dístales débiles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;Fondo de ojo: algún signo de cruce. No presenta exudados, hemorragias ni papiledema.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div align="justify" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align="justify" style="margin-top: 6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;&lt;strong style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: bold; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; "&gt;3) DATOS COMPLEMENTARIOS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 21px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: initial; outline-color: initial; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-size: 11px; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: '', ''; "&gt;&lt;blockquote 
